miles etc
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in the preface to his road book Britannia, published
1675, John Ogilby comments about the lengths of a mile:-
... We may consider the Dimensuration, Delineation
and Illustration.
II. In Dimensuration, We might here Treat of the Several Measures
us'd by the Antients; as among the Persians and Egyptians, the
Schoenos containing two Parasangs or 60 Stadia; the Leuca or
League among the Gauls, containing 1500 Paces,and the Rasta of
the Germans 3000. but suffice it, that We say somewhat to the
Roman Measure by which our Stations in Antonine are Computed;
applying That and the Modern European Ones to the English
Standard. The Romans accounted by Miles and Stadia, the Mile
contain'd precisely 1000 Paces of 5 Foot, and the Stadium or
Furlong 125 Paces, yet others Reckon the Stadium but 120 Paces
or 600 Foot, and some Account the Mile but 7 Stadia and an half;
now the Roman Foot exceeded Ours by 33 Parts of 1000; but the
Itinerary Miles seem rather a Computation than any strict
Measure, since by Our Dimensurated Intervals of the more
certainly-known Stations, the Mile which should answer the
English one as 1033 to 1056 seems rather larger than Our own, if
the continual Inequality thereof admit a Censure: To which
We may add, That the antient Greek Foot is said to
contain decimally 1'076 Parts; the Babylonian 1'211;
the Alexandrian 1'240, and the Arabian 1'102 of the English
Foot, and as to Forein Measures in use, the Rhynland Foot
being the same as the Roman 1'033; the Foot of Amsterdam
'934; Antwerp '939; Hafnia (in Denmark) '965; Paris (the
Royal Foot) 1'070; Venice 1'157; Toledo '896, and
Nuremburgh 1'006 Parts of the said English Foot. And as to
the English Mile it is deduc'd from a Barley-Corn, whereof 3
in length make an Inch, 12 Inches a Foot, 3 Feet a Yard, 3
Feet 9 Inches an Ell, 5 Feet a Pace, 6 Feet a Fathom, 5 Yards
and an half or 16 Feet and an half a Pole, Perch or Rod, 40
such Poles a Furlong, and 8 Furlongs a Mile; so that a
Mile English contains 8 Furlongs, 320 Poles, 1'056 Paces,
1760 Yards, 5'280 Feet, and 63'360 Inches.
To this of Measures We may adjoyn a Word or two of Dimensurators
or Measuring Instruments, whereof the mosts usual has been the
Chain, and the common length for English Measures 4 Poles, as
answering indifferently to the English Mile and Acre, 10 such
Chains in length making a Furlong, and 10 single square Chains
an Acre, so that a square Mile contains 640 square Acres; This,
as it obliges the Surveyor to chargeable Assistances, so it
exposes the Account to the Dangers of Mistakes, which, perhaps
is not the least Reason of the slow Progress of Actual
Dimensuration, even in these last Centuries; That We have been
much facilitated therefore in this Great Work by the Wheel
Dimensurator, which, for Ease and Accurateness infinitely
surpasses the Chain, as being manageable by a single Person,
Measuring, even the smallest Deviations of the Way, and finishing
a Revolution but once in 10 Miles; We readily acknowledge, and
even in Wheels themselves, commend rather the Foor-Wheel here
mention'd, of half a Pole Circumference, with the Way-Wizars as
they are now Regulated, than any such like Coach
or Chariot-Mensurator whatsoever.
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