notes Darton 1830s

	Research Notes Map Group DARTON 1830s

Darton 1830s
	Map, Hampshire, scale about 4.5 miles to 1 inch, by William Darton and Son, Holborn Hill, London, 1830s.
	The map has a vignette view of the church at the Hospital of St Cross, Winchester; population figures according to the 1831 census are given for Hampshire and the newly created county of the Isle of Wight, together with the number of members they return to Parliament.
	These notes are made from a copy in the Map Collection of Hampshire CC Museums Service, item HMCMS:FA1997.106.
	The map size is: wxh, sheet = 38x48cm; wxh, plate = 370x450mm; wxh, map = 349x435mm.
	MAP FEATURES
	MARKET DAYS
	ITEMS in the Collection

MAP FEATURES
title map maker	There is no title cartouche. Printed upper right is:- HAMPSHIRE, Divided into Hundreds, AND THE Parliamentary Divisions. Printed at the bottom:- LONDON: WILLIAM DARTON & SON, HOLBORN HILL Internal evidence dates the map to soon after 1831.
vignettes	There is a vignette engraving of the Church of St Cross.
descriptive text	At the top is printed a note about the county:- NOTE HAMPSHIRE in its civil and ecclesiastical jurisdiction, (including the Isles of Jersey, Guernsey, Sark, and Alderney;) is comprehended in the diocese of Winchester. It is estimated at 64 miles in length and 40 in breadth, its superficial contents are calculated at 1,042,000 Acres. It is divided into 36 hundreds, which contain 1 City, 21 Market Towns, & 278,887 Inhabitance. According to Act of Parliament this County is divided into two Divisions, Vizt. North & South, and sends to Parliament 16 Members, 2 Knights for the Nth. Division & 5 Boro' Members, 2 Knights for the Sth. & 7 Boro' members. The principal rivers are the Itching, the Avon, the Boldre Water, the Exe, the Anton, and the Test or Tese.
table of symbols	There is an:- EXPLANATION Market Towns as ... ALTON with the distance from London ... 47 M. Mail Roads ... [triple line, light light bold] Principal Roads ... [double line, light bold] Cross Roads ... [narrower double line] Navigable Canals ... [triple line, light bold light] Rivers ... [wiggly line] Gentlemens Seats and Parks ... [block, outline with fence palings] Churches & Chapels ... [cross (+)] Principal Places of County Elections ... [ring, tinted red] Polling Places for Ditto ... [open cross (+) tinted red] Boroughs to return two Members ... [rhombus ie double triangle, tinted red, upper triangle shaded] Boroughs to return one Member ... [triangle tinted red] N.B. The figures at the side of the roads show the distance in measured Miles between one Market Town and another.
scale line scale	Printed lower left is a:- SCALE OF MILES chequered and labelled in miles. The 10 miles = 55.3 mm gives a scale 1 to 291021 assuming a statute mile. The map scale is about:- 1 to 291000 4.5 miles to 1 inch
orientation up is N	There is no compass rose. The map is printed with North at the top of the sheet.
lat & long scales	Printed in the map borders are scales of latitude and longitude for a rectangular projection; chequered at 1 minute intervals, labelled at 5 minute intervals. The map includes from 0d 40m to 1d 55m W, from 50d 29m to 51d 31m N; the whole of Hampshire and the Christchurch area of Dorset, and the Isle of Wight. The bottom scale is labelled:- Longitude West from Greenwich Reading from the scales the:- longitude, Winchester = 1d 17.1m W which is in fair agreement with a prime meridian at Greenwich, from which winchester is 1d 18.1m W.
sea area sea plain wrecks	The sea is plain. Some sea areas are labelled, eg:- THE SOLENT SOUTHAMPTON WATER SPITHEAD ENGLISH CHANNEL Christchurch bay Hurst Road Dibden Bay The site of the wreck of the Royal George is marked
coast line harbours headlands lighthouses	The coast is emphasised by being drawn with a wiggly line which is for effect, not representing the exact coast line. Harbours are shown, and might be labelled, eg:- Portsmouth Harbour LANGSTON HARBOUR Others are implied by harbour or haven placenames. Some headlands, etc, are labelled, eg:- Hengistbury Head Needs Ore Point Stans Ore Point Browndown Point At Hurst Spit there are:- Light Houses
coastal defence castles fortifications	Castles along the shore are marked:- Hurst Castle Calshot Castle South Sea Castle Fort Monkton Cumberland Fort There are suggestions of polygonal fortification for Southsea Castle and at Portsmouth:-
rivers ponds bridges	Rivers are drawn by wiggly lines tapering up from the coast, some are labelled, eg:- River Avon Boldre Water Lymington Creek Braiding might be shown. Some ponds are shown:- Fleet Pond Woolmer Pond Bridges are implied, perhaps, by roads crossing rivers. A few are labelled eg:- Badge Bridge Hartford Br.
relief hill hachuring	Relief is shown by hill hachuring; the marking of relief has not a high priority. Some hills are labelled, eg:- Portsdown Hill Gilbert Hill Tatchbury Mt.
beacons	Although there is no symbol for a beacon there might be a relevant name, eg:- Beacon Hill at Farley Mount. Toothill doesn't even get a hill!
woods forests	There are groups of small tree symbols marking woodland, some of which are labelled, eg:- Holt Forest Woolmer Forest The impression is that the map maker is trying to show woods that are now; not harking back to the ancient royal forests. Trees are drawn within parks.
parks	Parks are shown by a suggestion of a ring of fence palings, the true shape of the park being attempted? Some parks have been tinted, green, and some contain tree symbols. Example:- Husborne Park in which there are drives among the trees.
county	The county boundary is a dotted line, the boundary is tinted as a hundred boundary. Contiguous counties are labelled, eg:- SURREY Pt. of Wilts The detached part of Hampshire, south of Haslemere, is not shown.
hundreds table of hundreds	Hundred boundaries are fine dotted lines, each tinted a different colour. The hundred areas are keyed by number to a table of hundreds printed upper left:- REFERENCE to the HUNDREDS 1 Alton 2 Andover 3 Barton Stacey ... 36 Wherwell
electoral data	Running across the county is a boundary line of x's dividing it into electoral areas:- NORTH DIVISION SOUTH DIVISION The boundary is tinted blue on the north side, pink on the south (which would not do in the present era of party politics). Borough boundaries are drawn by a line with spots on it, tinted a dark blue:- These boundaries cut across the hundred boundaries.
settlements distances from London electoral data	Settlement are marked by blocks, singly or in groups, perhaps arranged on streets, and are differentiated by style of lettering.
city	group of blocks on streets; labelled in upright block caps:- WINCHESTER / By Farnham 65 1/4 / Basingstoke 62 1/2 [red ring, red cross, red rhombus] Principal place of county election; polling place; returns 2 members to Parliament. The figures are distances from London.

town	group of blocks by a road or on a street plan, with a cross; labelled in upright block caps, eg:- ANDOVER / 63 1/2 [red cross, red rhombus]

village	one or a group of blocks, probably with a cross indicating a church; labelled in upright lower case text, eg:- West Worldham

hamlet	a block, probably without a cross; labelled in italic lower case text, eg:- Middle Wallop A house and other features might be marked and labelled the same way.

roads road distances post roads	Roads are marked by a double line, graded into post roads, principal ie ?turnpike roads, and and cross roads. Principal roads are a double line, light bold; cross roads are a narrower double line, light light. The post or mail roads have a third line down the middle:- Road distances between town are given by a figure across the road. These must be read with some care.
canals	Canals are shown by a triple line, light bold light, labelled:- Basingstoke Canal Andover Canal Salisbury Canal [Itchin] Canal The last has a tunnel indicated by the centre bold line being dotted. Notice that the Portsmouth Canal is not shown, though it had been closed only shortly before?
miscellaneous
antiquities hillforts	Antiquities are not much noticed, but see:- Quarley Hill Camp marked by a square symbol on the hill.
antiquities roman roads	Some roman roads are labelled, eg:- Roman Road south of Stockbridge, crossing the Test near Kings Somborne.
inns	Some inns are marked and labelled, eg:- Wheatsheaf Inn 6m southwest of Basingstoke, and:- Raven Inn near Hook.
race courses	Some race courses ar shown by an oval, perhaps fenced, eg:- north west of Stockbridge, and:- Worthy Down Course
posts	A post is marked NW of brockenhurst at:- Wilverley Post
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MARKET DAYS
table of markets market days	There is a table:- MARKET TOWNS & MARKET DAYS, Alresford ..................... Th. Alton ........................ Sat. Andover ...................... Sat. Basingstoke .................. Wed. Bishop's Waltham ............. Fri. Christchurch ................. Mon. Fareham ...................... Mon. Fordingbridge ................ Sat. Gosport ...................... Sat. Havant ....................... Sat. Kingsclere .................... Tu. Lymington .................... Sat. Odiham ........................ Tu. Petersfield .................. Wed. Portsmouth ............ TuTh & Sat. Ringwood ..................... Wed. Romsey ........................ Th. Southampton ......... Tu.Th. & Sat. Stockbridge ................... Th. Whitchurch ................... Fri. WINCHESTER ............ Wed. & Sat.
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ITEMS	in HMCMS Map Collection (scanned item in bold)
	HMCMS:FA1997.106 -- map
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