notes Kitchin 1750

	Research Notes Map Group KITCHIN 1750

Kitchin 1750
	Map, 'Hampshire Drawn from the Best Authorities', scale about 9 miles to 1 inch, probably by Thomas Kitchin, 1750, published in The Universal Magazine..." by John Hinton, London, 1750.
	The map studied is in the Map Collection of Hampshire CC Museums Service, item HMCMS:FA1997.64
	The map size is: wxh, sheet = 25x20.5cm; wxh, plate = 214x193mm; wxh, map = 208x184mm. The map includes the Isle of Wight but the notes are mostly about Hampshire and the part of Dorset that was then Hampshire.
	UNIVERSAL MAGAZINE
	MAP FEATURES
	ITEMS in the Collection

UNIVERSAL	MAGAZINE
	The map was published, opposite p.36, in 'The Universal Magazine of Knowledge and Pleasure: Containing ... And Other Arts and Sciences; Which may render it Instructive and Entertaining To Gentry, Merchants, Farmers, and Tradesmen. ... VOL.II. Published Monthly according to Act of Parliament, By John Hinton, at the King's Arms in St. Paul's Church-Yard, London.' July 1750. Maps in the Universal Magazine, included in issues from 1747-66, were drawn by Bowen, Seale and Kitchin, from the evidence available it looks as if Kitchin did Hampshire, but this is not certain.
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MAP FEATURES
scroll cartouche title engraver publisher	The map has a baroque scroll cartouche at the top left:- HAMP SHIRE Drawn from the best Authorities Printed at the top:- Engrav'd for the Universal Magazine And at the bottom:- Printed for John Hinton at the Kings Arms St. Pauls Curch Yard
coat of arms	Half way down the left side is the coat of arms of Southampton, in another baroque cartouche. Labelled:- The Arms of Southampton the blazon:- per fess argent and gules, three roses counterchanged
orientation compass rose	Lower left there is a minimal compass rose; two lines for the cardinal directions in a circle, north marked by a fleur de lys and east by a cross.
scale line scale	Lower right there is a scale line of:- English Miles ten miles, chequered at 2 mile intervals.The map scale is about:- 8 "English Miles" to 1 inch An estimate of scale can be made from town positions, comparing known town-town distances. The map scale is about:- 1 to 560000 9 statute miles to 1 inch
lat and long scales scale	The map borders have rectangular latitude and longitude scales, chequered at 1 minute intervals, labelled at 5 minutes and degrees. Longitude is:- Longitude West from London From the scales the:- longitude, Winchester = 1d 14.4m roughly. This suggests a prime meridian several minutes west of Greenwich, perhaps St Paul's? Note that 30 minutes longitude is 102.2 mm, giving a scale of 1 to 544610. The map scale is about:- 1 to 540000 8.5 miles to 1 inch
table of symbols	The map has a table of symbols:- Explanation [circle, buildings and towers, 2 stars] Borough Towns with the No. of Membrs. they send to Parlt. by Stars [buildings and tower] Market Towns [circle and flag pole?] [circle] Parishes or Villages [double line, light bold] Great or Direct Great Roads [double line, light light] Principal Cross Roads [single line] Cross Roads H, Pt. of Hampshire
coast line coast form lines harbours	The coast is drawn with form lines which extend into harbours and river estuaries. As well as Portsea, Hayling and Thorney Islands some smaller islands in Portsmouth and Langstone Harbours are drawn. Only:- Chichester Harbr. is labelled.
castles coastal defence	Several of the coastal defence castles are drawn, with a circle, perhaps with a square of building, and with a flag above. Hurst C. Calshot C. St. Andrews C. South Sea Castle
rivers bridges	Rivers are shown by wiggly lines tapering inland fron their estuary. Some are named, eg:- Itchin R. Avon R Tees R. All the main rivers are shown, with some tributairies:- Stour, River Avon, River (braiding at Ringwood, etc) Lymington River Beaulieu River Test, River (braiding at Stockridge, and Wallop Brook, River Anton, Micheldever stream etc) Itchen, River (with Candover stream, and headwaters from ponds near Bighton, not from Hinton Ampner) Hamble, River Meon, River Wallington River Ems, River Rother, River (and Cridell Stream) Wey, River (two arms) Blackwater River Hart, River Whitewater, River Loddon, River (and Lyde) Enborn, River Bridges are mostly implied by a road interupting the river at a crossing. To the east of Havant the minor road, a single line, crosses the Ems by a bridge, drawn by a double line arching over the river. Similarly the single line of minor road crosses the Meon at Wickham by a double line bridge. There is another example at Fareham:-
relief hillocks	Relief is shown by groups of hillocks shaded to the eastward. The correspondence beween hill groups and high ground is not easy to follow.
woods forests	Woodland is shown by groups of tree symbols. Like hillocks these appear all over the map but it is possible to see groups for:- Forest of East Bere New Forest Chute Forest Pamber Forest (perhaps) Woolmer Forest (perhaps) Some of these identifications might be wishful thinking.
parks	Parks are not a prominent feature of the map. A couple are drawn by a ring of paling fence, named by the hamlet enclosed:- Dogmersfield Farnborough And named directly:- N Park is drawn as a hamlet, no fence, within the New Forest.
county	The county boundary is a dotted line, Hampshire is the title of the map. Adjacent counties are named, eg:- WILT SH. and separated by a dotted boundary lines. Significant places, road destinations, are drawn and labelled outside the Hampshire area; Salisbury, Farnham, Downton, Bagshot, and little more. The detached part of Hampshire to the east is shown, marked:- H explained as Part of Hampshire in the table of symbols. This is bounded by a chain dotted line. It looks as if the area is attached to Hampshire by a dotted line; look again, this is the Surrey Sussex border. Haslemere is drawn at the north end of this area.
settlements	Settlements are positioned by a circle, and graded by added symbols and the style of lettering.
city	city - circle, buildings and towers with ?flag poles; labelled in upright block caps, eg:- WINCHESTER Winchester has two stars, for its Members of Parliament.

town	town - circle, buildings and towers with ?flag poles; labelled in upright lowercase text, eg:- ChristChurch which has 2 stars for its Members of Parliament, and is a borough town. Stockbridge without stars, a market town. SOUTHAMPTON borough town, is an exception, being labelled in italic block caps.

village	village - circle, perhaps a square of building close round the circle, and a ?flag pole; labelled in italic lowercase, eg:- Sutton [Sutton Scotney] Boldre

hamlet	hamlet - circle; labelled in italic lowercase text, eg:- Wallop Burgclear

house	Notice the a house might have the same symbol as a village, eg:- Mountague H

roads	Three grades of road are drawn about the county, explained in the table of symbols. The main roads include the Ogilby routes. 25/26 - Bagshot, Surrey; Blackwater, Basingstoke, Whitchurch, Andover, Hampshire; to Salisbury, Wiltshire. 30 - from London; Liphook, Petersfield, Horndean, Cosham, Portsmouth, Hampshire. 32 Andover; across Wiltshire border westwards. 39 - Midhurst, West Sussex; Petersfield, Winchester, Hampshire. 51 - Bagshot, Surrey; corner of Hampshire; Farnham, Surrey; Alton, Alresford, Southampton, Hampshire. 53 - Basingstoke, Stockbridge, Hampshire; across Wiltshire border south westwards. 81 - from Berkshire; Kingsclere, Basingstoke, Alton, Petersfield; to Chichester, West Sussex. 83 - across a corner of hampshire at North Tidworth. 97 - Alresford, Winchester, Romsey, Rngwood, Hampshire; towards Poole, Dorset; and Southampton, Winchester, Hampshire. There are additional routes.
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ITEMS	in HMCMS Map Collection (scanned item in bold)
	HMCMS:FA1988.8 -- map
	HMCMS:FA1997.64 -- map
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