notes Murray 1830

	Research Notes Map Group MURRAY 1830

Murray 1830
	Map, Hampshire, scale about 4.5 miles to 1 inch, for the Atlas of English, engraved by Hoare and Reeves, London; published by T L Murray, 19 Adam Street, London, 1830, by order of the Board of Ordnance.
	Published in 'An Atlas of the English Counties divided into Hundreds &c., containing the Rivers, Roads, Parks, Parishes, &c. in each, Exhibiting the whole of the Inland Navigation, Rail Roads, &c., And accompanied by Maps of England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales, Projected on the basis of the Trigonometrical Survey By Order of the Honble. The Board of Ordnance. Under the Superintendence of T. L. Murray.' 1830.
	Published in another edition 1831.
	The map studied is in the Map Collection of Hampshire CC Museums Service. item HMCMS:ACM1934.74.16
	The map size is: wxh, sheet = 37.5x47.8cm; wxh, map = 359x452mm.

	MAP FEATURES
	ROADS - TURNPIKE & POST ROADS
	REFERENCES
	ITEMS in the Collection
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MAP FEATURES
title map maker publisher engraver	Printed upper left is a title:- HAMPSHIRE and at the bottom:- Drawn under the Superintendence of T. L. Murray. / London, Published May, 1st. 1830, by T. L. Murray, 19 Adam Street, Adelphi / Hoare & Reeves Sc.
orientation compass rose	Printed on the left above centre is a compass rose; no circle, star points for cardinal and half cardinal directions, North marked by a fleur de lys. The map is printed with North at the top of the sheet.
scale line scale	Printed upper left under the title is a: SCALE chequered in miles, labelled at 1..5, 10,15 miles. The 15 miles = 85.4 mm gives a scale 1 to 282672 assuming a statute mile. The map scale is about:- 1 to 280000 4.5 miles to 1 inch The scale can also be estimated from the latitude scale, 1 degree latitude = 397mm gives a scale 1 to 280399. The map scale is about:- 1 to 280000
lat and long scales	Printed in the map borders are scales of latitude and longitude for a trapezoid projection; marked at 1 minute intervals, labelled at 10 minute intervals. The 1 degree W meridian is vertical on the page; other meridians slope in towards it at the North. The parallels are horizontal on the page. The ratio of lat/long scales is 1.59 which makes a 'square' map at 51 degree N. The bottom Longitude scale is labelled:- Longitude West from Greenwich. As well as can be read the:- longitude, Winchester = 1d 17.7m W (The accepted value, now, is 1d 18.5m W.) The map includes from 0d 40m to 2d 0m W, 50d 27m to 51d 33m N; Hampshire including the Christchurch area now Dorset, and the Isle of Wight.
table of symbols	Printed lower right is an:- EXPLANATION Market Towns with the Distance from London in Measured Miles as ... ... WINCHESTER 63 Churches & Chapels ... ... [cross (+)] Turnpike Roads [double line, light bold] Mail Roads [double line plus a line, light bold, down the middle] Bye Roads ... ... [double line, light light, narrower] Rivers ... ... [wiggly line] Navigable Canals ... ... [triple line, light bold light] Parks & Gentlemens Seats ... ... [outline, pecked interior, fence palings] NB. The figures on the Turnpike Roads shew the distance in Measured Miles between one Market Town and another The stars prefixed to the Towns denote the number of Members return'd to Parliament
sea area sea shaded	The sea area is partly shaded, an extension of the coast shading. Some sea areas are labelled, eg:- ENGLISH CHANNEL THE SOLENT Christchurch Bay SPITHEAD and some of the channels, eg:- Nth. Channel Sth. Channel at the western approach to the Solent, by the Needles.
coast line coast shaded headlands harbours	The coast line is shade. Some headlands are labelled, eg:- Needs Ore Pt. Hengistbury Hd. Some channels in harbours are marked by a foreshore line, for instance in Southampton Water, and the harbours of Portsmouth, Langstone and Chichester. Portsmouth Harb. Chichester Harbour are labelled.
coastal defence fortifications	Coastal defences are not noticed. The only element shown is a thin angular line around the naval dockyard at Portsmouth, which could be interpreted as fortifications.
rivers ponds bridges ferries	Rivers are drawn by a wiggly line tapering inland. An estuary has shading continued from the coast, for examples the Hamble and Itchen. Wider rivers are drawn with a double line plus form lines, for example the Avon up to Ringwood. Braiding might be indicated. Not all rivers are labelled, but see:- Avon R. [by Lymington] Test R. Beaulieu Riv. Most of the main river systems are shown, with some tributaries. Without a detail study I feel that some rivers are not dealt with as well as others - the upper parts of the Itchen, the Rother, and where is the Wallop? Bridges are not particularly noticed; they are implied where a road crosses and interrupts a river. They are not much labelled, but see:- Bridge over the Test near Uphill; and on the Hart:- Hartford Br Bakers Br Elsewhere, at Hamble for example, roads either side of a river suggest (no more) a ferry. A few ponds are drawn in outline with form lines, perhaps labelled, eg:- Fleet Pond Woolmer Pond
relief hill hachuring	Relief is indicated by hill hachuring, which gets lost amongst the other stuff of the map, and adds its own degree of confusion. Hills are not labelled generally, but some are implied by settlement names, eg:- Rose Hill Pla. Filmer Hill Swain's Hill none of which are near any hachures. Quarley Hill is clearly labelled, but the hachures do not show a detached hill top.
beacons	The only beacon noticed is:- Beacon to the north of Exton, ie Exton Beacon.
woods forests trees	Woodland is shown by groups of tree and bush symbols, with undergrowth. Some areas are labelled, eg:- Daily Wood [Doyle's??] Alice Holt Wd. Otterwood Beer Forest [East Bere Forest]
parks	Parks are drawn in outline; the interior pecked, perhaps with a block for a house, and fence palings. Some are labelled by name or by the name of a house, eg:- Bolderwood Lo. Cadland Pa. Highclere Park Clare H. The interior is tinted green on this copy of the map.
county	The count boundary is a bold dotted line. Adjacent counties are labelled, eg:- SUSSEX The detached part of Hampshire in Sussex is not shown, but the two detached parts of Wiltshire on the county's northern border are drawn and labelled. A very few places outside the county are included for the sake of road continuity; Ludgershal, Newbury, and Farnham.
hundreds table of hundreds	Hundred boundaries are light dotted lines, tinted for emphasis on this copy of the map. Hundred areas are labelled with a large number which keys to a table of hundreds printed lower left:- REFERENCE to the HUNDREDS Andover ... ... 1 Alton ... ... 2 ... Wherwell Forest ... 40 The 40 hundreds include 2 on the Isle of Wight.
settlements distances from London	Settlements are marked by small groups of blocks, or perhaps just by a cross (+) for their church, differentiated by style of labelling.
city town	group of blocks; labelled in upright block caps, eg:- WHITCHURCH / 57 [2 stars] WINCHESTER / 63 STOCKBRIDGE / 66 [2 stars] The distance from London is given with the town name.
	Stars are attached to towns to show how many members they send to Parliament; Stockbridge, for example, has 2. Note that this map is published 1830, two years before the first of a series of Reform Acts, 1832.
village	small group of blocks or perhaps just a cross (+); labelled in upright lowercase text, eg:- Chawton Ibbesley Cheriton

hamlet	small group of blocks; labelled in italic lowercase text, eg:- Oakhanger Lipscomb This style of lettering is used generally for labelling features, for instance farms and houses. There seems to be a hamlet called:- Cabbage Patch north of Shalden, what?

canals	Canals are marked by a triple line, light bold light. The following canals are shown:-
Basingstoke Canal	from Basingstoke, on its bendy contour course, through Greywell Tunnel - dotted, to a dead stop at the west side of Dogmersfield Park, continues after the park eastward to the Surrey border. (Turgis branch not shown - not built). Labelled:- Basingstoke C.

Andover Canal	from Andover to Redbridge only, not into Southampton. Labelled:- Andover C.

Salisbury and Southampton Canal	from the Wiltshire border through East Dean and eastward to join the Andover Canal.
Itchen Navigation	down the Itchen Valley from Winchester to the head of the Itchen estuary near Southampton.

Titchfield Canal	from Titchfield to the Solent near Hill Head.

miscellaneous	There are various other features. They feel a bit as if they are filling up space; nothing is dealt with very consistently, nothing seems to be particularly significant.
inns	A number of inns are shown by roads, eg:- Rising Sun [N of Bashley] Queen Charle. Inn [E of Andover] Lion Inn [S of Basingstoke]
race courses	On Worthy Down north of Winchester is:- Race Course a dotted oval.
antiquities tumuli	See:- Crawley Barrow
brickworks	Marked to the south of West Tytherley is:- Brick Kilns
decoys	In the New Forest ESE of Lyndhurst notice a:- Decoy
monuments	On Portsdown is:- Monument which is the Nelson Monument. And monument another on the hills north of Farley.
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ROADS	- TURNPIKE & POST ROADS
roads turnpike roads post roads road distances	Roads are drawn by a double line, solid or dotted indicating fenced or unfenced. A comprehensive network of roads is shown. Roads are differentiated as described in the table of symbols:- Turnpike roads have one line bold; this convention is continued if dotted. On the turnpike outside Basingstoke is the:- Dean Gate Inn which suggests a turnpike gate there. But beware, there is a hamlet called Hatch Gate, near Steventon, nowhere near a turnpike. Not all gates are turnpike gates. Post roads have an extra light continuous line down the middle. Some roads destinations outside the county are labelled, eg:- To Staines 14Ms From Wimborne 6 Miles Road distances are given along turnpiked roads by a series of figures at mile intervals. For example the road from Petersfield north east is labelled 1, 2, 3 ... 6 towards Liphook; and the same road from Petersfield is number 5 .. 16 to Portsmouth. This labelling is a rather hit and miss. Most of the obvious main routes appear to have been turnpiked. A few are not, examples: Petersfield to Midhurst, though this could be regarded as a branch route; and Christchurch to Lymington. The obvious source of comparison to check this map is Day's map published with a Parliamentary Report, 1852:-
	Day 1852
	Route diagram, turnpike roads:-

	Post roads are few, and destinations outside the county have to be assumed:- [from London]; through Staines, Middlesex; [Bagshot, Surrey]; then Blackwater, Hartfordbridge, Basingstoke, Overton, Whitchurch, Andover, Middle Wallop, Hampshire; [on to Salisbury, Wiltshire ...] [from London]; through Staines, Middlesex; [Bagshot] and Farnham, Surrey; then Alton, New Alresford, Winchester, Southampton, Hampshire AND on from Southampton through Redbridge, to Ringwood, Hampshire; and to Wimborne, Dorset. from Winchester, through Bishops Waltham, Wickham, Fareham, to Gosport, Hampshire. [from London; through Godalming, Surrey]; then Liphook, Petersfield, Horndean, Cosham, to Portsmouth, Hampshire.
	Route diagram, post roads:-


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REFERENCES
	Murray, T L: 1830: Atlas of the English Counties

ITEMS	in HMCMS Map Collection (scanned item in bold)
	HMCMS:ACM1934.74.16 -- map
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	All Old Hampshire Mapped Resources