notes Taylor 1759

	Research Notes Map Group TAYLOR 1759

Taylor 1759
	Map of Hampshire, with the Isle of Wight, scale about 1 inch to 1 mile, by Isaac Taylor, 1759.
	Taylor's map is the first map of Hampshire at 1 inch to 1 mile
	These notes are made from the copy in the Map Collection of Hampshire CC Museums Service, item HMCMS:FA2001.141 but the images are taken from the far better copy, item FA2004.3, later aquired by the Collection.

	ISAAC TAYLOR, MAP MAKER for HAMPSHIRE
	SOCIETY OF ARTS PREMIUMS for ONE INCH COUNTY MAPS
	MAP FEATURES - title cartouche, map maker, engraver, compass rose, lat and long scales, scale line, table of symbols, vignettes.
	MAP FEATURES - sea, ships, etc, coast, harbours, etc, coastal defence, castles
	MAP FEATURES - rivers, bridges, canals, etc, relief, beacons, woods, forests, parks.
	MAP FEATURES - county, hundreds, settlements, roads, road distances, etc, roman roads, antiquities.
	MAP FEATURES - miscellaneous
	ITEMS in the Collection

	Taylor's map of Hampshire was published in six sheets; 2 across x 3 down; for sake of reference these are numbered:-
	1 2
	3 4
	5 6
	Each of the 6 sheets was about 71x57cm.
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ISAAC TAYLOR,	MAP MAKER for HAMPSHIRE
	Isaac Taylor was born at or near Ross on Wye, Herefordshire, in the 1720s; he was married there December 1759; he was buried there June 1788. He seems to have been based in Ross, as a land surveyor; his address is given as Ross on Wye on his county maps Herefordshire 1754, Dorsetshire 1765, Worcestershire 1772, and Gloucestershire 1777.
	He does not seem to have had much business in Hampshire in estate mapping, in contrast to Dorset where he made over 100 estate maps, some before, some after, his Dorset county map. Estate mapping was his business; it is not usual for such a surveyor to compete with the London based map makers in making county maps. Isaac Taylor did make an estate map of Forton Farm, on the estate of Joseph Iremonger, Hampshire, in 1757. And there is a rumour, no more than unreliable hearsay, that he was interested in Hampshire because his wife came from that way. Isaac Taylor had an interest in antiquities and topography, which clearly shows in the content of his maps.
	Richard Benning, who engraved the map of Hampshire, should not be blamed for the untidy appearance of Taylor's map. Taylor's drawing, to judge by his estate plans, was not too good. Richard Gough referred to Taylor's map of Hampshire as:-
	... an accurate survey ...
	But William Roy, in a memoir to George III, was not so encouraging:-
	... sufficiently exact ... for common purposes ... extremely defective with respect to the topographical representation of the ground ...
	Reactions to Taylor's other maps, Dorsetshire was criticised in both positive and negative terms for its content and clarity, was mixed. Nonetheless his map of Hampshire is the first at a large scale and provides a record of the landscape of the time, even if it has to be used with care. That care must be applied to any map, from Saxton in 1575 to the Ordnance Survey today who are not always as clear as they think they are.
	The engraved plate of Isaac Taylor's map of Hampshire was purchased by William Faden, who acquired all five of Taylor's county maps. The other four were republished by Faden, but Hampshire was rejected. According to Richard Gough:-
	Mr Faden bot [ye] plates wch. he finds require a new survey before they can be republished.
	Whether this is because the plates were worn, or the survey not good enough, is not known.

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SOCIETY OF	ARTS PREMIUMS for ONE INCH COUNTY MAPS
	22 March 1754 a group of noblemen, clergy, gentlemen and merchants met at Rathwell's coffee house, 25 Henrietta Street, London, to form:-
	The Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce
	which has been known since 1847 as the:-
	Royal Society of Arts
	In September 1755 one of the society's founder members, Henry Baker, had a letter from his friend the Rev William Borlase, who was rector of Ludgvan and vicar of St Just, Cornwall:-
	I would submit to you as a Friend whether the State of British Geography be not very low, and at present wholly destitute of any public encouragement. Our maps of England and its counties are extremely defective ... if among your premiums for Drawings some reward were offered for the best Plan, Measurement and Actual Survey of City or District, it might move the Attention of the Public towards Geography, and in time, perhaps, incline the Administration to take this matter into their Hands (as I am informed it does in some foreign Countries) and employ proper Persons every year, from actual Surveys, to make accurate Maps of Districts, till the whole island is regularly surveyed.
	The society agreed this would be a good thing, but delayed to see if the government would cooperate, or at least pay attention to the matter. This didn't happen, and in 1759 the society itself resolved:-
	... to give a sum not exceeding one hundred Pounds, as a Gratuity to any Person or Persons, who shall make an accurate Survey of any County upon the Scale of one Inch to a Mile ... Sea coasts were to be to be accurately drawn with latitudes and longitudes and satisfactory proofs of accuracy required ...
	Their advertisement, later, stipulated that:-
	if any Person or Persons do propose to make such a Survey they are desired to signify their particular intentions on or before ye 2nd Wednesday in November next
	Several proposals were received and judged not good enough. Isaac Taylor was the first to try, and the first to fail to win a prize; but his map is splendid and useful for all that.
	It seems clear that the society was not yet sure exactly what it wanted, it was being very careful, wanting to ensure truly useful results. In due course they provided more exact information of their requirements; the work should be:-
	an accurate trigonometrical survey ... the horizontal distances of all places in the map to be taken with the theodolite or plain table and the roads to be measured witha Perambulator and noted won in figures; the courses and bearings of all the principal rivers to be correctly taken ... the sea coasts of all the maritime counties accurately laid down together with their latitudes and longitudes ...
	They later added that the rule to use:-
	Theodolite or Plain Table ... was to guard against taking the angles by the circumferentor or such uncertain instruments, ...
	The first successful candidate for the premium, which was a prize of L100, was Benjamin Donn, Barnstaple, for his one inch map of Devon, published 1765. While the prize was only a small proportion of the costs of the survey, his being accepted as a candidate by the society would have made it much easier to get subscribers to his project.
	The premiums were a stimulus to remapping the country in these sensible units, counties, at this then new large scale. It is also worth noting that William Roy, writing to George III, 1766 remarks:-
	THESE County Maps are sufficiently exact, in what regards their geometrical measurement, for common purposes, but are extremely defective with respect to the topographical representation of the ground, giving scarcely any Idea, or at least but an imperfect one, of what is remarkably strong or weak in the nature of the Country.

reference	Ravenhill, W L D: 1965: Benjamin Donn, a Map of the County of Devon (introduction): Devon and Cornwall Record Society & University of Exeter
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MAP FEATURES	- title cartouche, map maker, engraver, compass rose, lat and long scales, scale line, table of symbols, vignettes.
title cartouche scroll cartouche dedication map maker	At the lower right of sheet 6 is a scroll cartouche with dedications, title, etc:- With Submission / TO His Grace the Duke of Bolton, His Grace the Duke of Bedford, /His Grace the Duke of Chandos, The Rt. Honble. the Marqs. of Winchester. / And in particular manner to / The Right Honble. the Earl of Portsmouth, / Sir Monoux Cope Bart. Sir Thos. Heathcote Bart. Sir John Oglander Bart. Sr. Jno. Barrington Bart. / Sir Edward Worsley Knt. Alexdr. Thistlethwaite Esqr. Poulet St. John Esqr. Hans. Stanley Esqr. / Joshua Iremonger Esqr. Willm. Huggins Esqr. Thos. Missing Esqr. William Jolliffe Esqr. / The Revd. Dr. Hoadley. Revd. Dr. Cheney. Revd. Dr. Burton. Revd. Mr. Exton. Revd. Mr. Woodroffe. / In grateful remembrance of the kind Assistance in this Work / and the many particular Favours they have honoured me with, / This Map of Hampshire, / Including the ISLE of WIGHT, / Is most Humbly Dedicated / BY, Their most obliged humble Servant, / Isaac Taylor. / Augst. 20th. 1759. / Estate are accurately Survey'd and / Maps of them neatly drawn at the / customary Prices. The cartouche includes drawings of a warrior and a maiden in classical dress; there are a cannon and cannonballs as well as spears and shields, an anchor, and ships in a harbour scene where the town has artillery style fortifications.
engraver	Printed at the bottom right of sheet 6 is:- R Benning Sculp
orientation compass rose	A compass rose is printed on sheet 6. This has broad star points for the cardinal directions, lines for the half cardinal directions, North marked by a fleur de lys, East by a cross. Compass north is aligned with the lat and long grid. Around the compass rose are winged cherubs blowing airs from the clouds:-
lat and long scales lat and long grid	In the borders of the sheets there are rectangular latitude and longitude scales; chequered at minutes, latitude labelled at 4 minute intervals, longitude at 5 minute intervals. A lat and long grid is drawn on the map with 5x4 minute cells. The map covers 0d 28m W to 1d 44m W, 50d 33m N to 51d 29m N, according to the map's scales; there is no statement of the prime meridian. Winchester is plotted at about 1d 8 1/2m W 51d 3 1/4m N putting his prime meridian 10 degrees W of Greenwich (this is not St Paul's; it could be Westminster Abbey or the Houses of Parliament, or?). The scales have 1 degree longitude = 1286 mm, 1 degree latitude = 1701 mm. Assuming 1 degree lat = 69.17 miles this provides an estimate of the map scale, 1 to 65443, ie about:- 1 to 65000
scale line scale chain simple theodolite theodolite dividers globe	Printed in a cartouche on sheet 2 there is a scale line:- A Scale of Statute Miles This has 4 miles, chequered in miles and the first mile in quarters. 4 miles = 101.1 mm giving a map scale 1 to 63673, ie the scale is about:- 1 to 64000 1 mile to 1 inch By measuring the positions of a number of towns it is possible to estimate the maps scale by comparing with known town-town distances, using DISTTAB.exe. The map scale is 1 to 64593, ie about:- 1 to 65000 1 mile to 1 inch The change of size of paper as humidity varies is greater than the apparent errors in these scales. The scale line is mounted on a stone plinth with cherubs playing. One below is looking at, perhaps measuring, a map. Other hold a surveying chain, with twisted links, across the scale line. Above there are surveying instruments; a surveyor's chain, a simple theodolite, an altazimuth theodolite, and dividers. Atop all is a globe.
index grid	This map has no index grid. Calculations have been made to overlay the National Grid system on the map.
	For more details, and how this grid can be used compare early county maps, and to index places, see:-
	Old Hampshire Mapped
	By comparing the headings of the towns from the centroids, and averaging, it is calculated that NGR north is 1.3 degrees from map north.
table of symbols	Sheet 2 has a table of symbols:-
vignettes	Sheet 1 has vignette views of:- Porchester Castle Carresbrook Castle South View of Silchester Walls and:- A PLAN OF SILCHESTER / as it now appears with the outworks This has captioned features; forum, temple, amphitheatre, fountain, find spots of coins and inscribed stone, 'onion stone', roman road to Winchester, etc. Sheet 2 has vignettes:- Amphitheatre at Silchester [untitled, perhaps same] Sheet 3 has vignette:- Ruins of Netly Abbey Sheet 6 has vignettes:- The Needles which shows 'The Needle' which fell down 1764, a few years after this map was published. and:- Calshot Castle as well as the harbour scene with the title cartouche. The vignettes, the lists of Gentlemen, scale line etc are enclosed by decorative borders.
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MAP FEATURES	- sea, ships, etc, coast, harbours, etc, coastal defence, castles
sea ships sandbanks depth soundings leading lines sea marks buoys	The sea is plain but is well populated with ships of many types and sizes; 1, 2, 3 and 4 masts, square rigged, ?lugger rigged, sails furled or in use, sailing this way and that. Some ships show a flag at a staff on the bowsprit, some on a jack staff at the stern.
	Some sea areas are labelled, eg:- Spithead Stokes Bay SOUTHAMPTON WATER OR TRISANTON BAY Christ Church Bay Sandbanks are shown by dotted areas, some labelled:- Bramble The Shingle A Loose shifting Sand call'd the Horse Some buoys are marked, and labelled, eg:- Horse Buoy Dean Buoy And the sea mark:- Jack in the Basket is imprecisely located in the sandbanks at the mouth of the Lymington River or of Pylewell. Depths, presumably in fathoms, are given by arabic numbers in sea areas. These are close and detailed within Portsmouth Harbour:- A number of leading lines are drawn and labelled, eg:- Gillkicker and Kicker Gill in a line There are pillars marked at:- Gill Kicker Kicker Gill which define the leading line.
coast line coast form lines headlands cliffs	The coast is emphasized by a narrow band of form lines which extend up river mouths and into harbours. Various coast features are labelled; cliffs, headlands and points, marshes, salterns, deeps, sandbanks, bays, and so on. For example:- High Clift Barton Cliff Hengistbury Head Hook point Inner Spit West Pole
harbours docks	The mole at Christchurch harbour is clearly drawn, though the harbour is not named:- Other harbours and smaller docks might be labelled, eg:- Langston Harbour Portsmouth Harbour Burselton Dock
coastal defence castles fortifications	Coastal defences are marked and labelled along the shore; the early castles and later. The table of symbols has two grand symbols for demolished castles, but nothing for those still standing. The coastal castles might be drawn with a keep and wall (?), and labelled:- Calshot Castle Hurst Castle [Netty] Castle St Andrews ? Artillery style forts are:- Cumberland Fort South Sea Castle There are artillery style polygonal fortifications around Portsea, Portsmouth and Gosport:- and along the whole northern shore of Portsea Island, labelled:- fortifications There is an example of a 'demolished castle', as given in the table of symbols, at North Warnborough, ie Odiham Castle:- Also see:- Warblington Cast.
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MAP FEATURES	- rivers, bridges, canals, etc, relief, beacons, woods, forests, parks.
rivers bridges ferries ponds	Rivers are drawn with their meandering braided course tapering inland, with from lines where width allows. River names are difficult to find; and are often missing. The engraving of this map is often confused, marked features and labels overlapped and obscuring - BUT now much easier to read on the excellent copy HMCMS:FA2004.3 than on the very dark copy or the reduced reproductions. River names, examples:- River Itchen Beauly River Test Crockford Water At Ash the:- Source of ye River Hanton ie the Test, is labelled:- Picking out how far a river is navigable, as given in the table of symbols, is not easy [?not possible] even on the good map. Bridges, mills and other features are marked and/or labelled along the rivers' courses, eg:- Wattons Ford Watson Bridge Knights-bridge Thornford Bridge Bridge Ogmoor Ponds Oakhanger Pond Ponds, if the example of Fleet Pond is representative, are marked with shading not form lines:- The pond in Bramshill Park has form lines:- The symbol for a bridge in the table of symbols shows a shallow arch with numerous arches through it. In practice, on the map, a bridge is drawn by a road just crossing the river:- The ferry across the Itchen to the east of Southampton is labelled:- Ferry but is mistakenly drawn as a bridge:-
mills water mills windmills	Mills have their own symbols. Watermills are a building with a waterwheel; a circle with four spokes. An example is:- Fleet Mill Many more are labelled, eg:- Sopley Mill Bere Paper Mill Mill The mill might be marked by a wheel with no building attached. A mile south of Lower Wallop is:- Overshot Mill which is probably descriptive, rather than a name for the mill. NE of Silchester a:- Mill Pond is labelled. Windmills are distinguished as post mills and tower mills by their symbols. The mill near Chalton is a post mill:- Challton Windmill There is a tower mill at Stoke Charity, just labelled:- Windmill and another, clearly drawn, on Silchester Common west of Silchester. Two miles NNW of Ropley is:- Old Windmill Stone but no windmill. Similarly there is no mill at the group of trees called:- Windmill Clump north of Aldershot.
canals	At least one of the old canals of Hampshire appear on this map? Beside the Itchen from about Stoneham to Stoke Bishop is a double line, which is crossed by a bridge, and which has:- Lock written beside it.
relief hill hachuring	Relief is shown by hill hachuring. As so often with this system of describing land form, the engraving takes up a lot of space and spoils the legibility of other features and labelling on the map. It also tends to show broad downs as narrow ridges, or, or as well, to clutter up downland areas with a lot of moderately heavy engraving. Some are labelled, eg:- Toothill engraved along its ridge. But many aren't. 'Portsdown' is engraved off the edge of the great hill, where it may not be referring to the hill itself. There are some other names, eg:- Butser Hill Pix Hill Preston Downs Black Down Bull Hill A hill name might be implied by the name of an associated feature. A few valleys are named, eg:- Dean Bottom east of Upham.
beacons	North of Farley is:- Beacon Hill marking a small mound on top of the ridge of hills. This is the site of Farley Beacon. Popham Beacon Sway Beacon are labelled. There is no special symbol for beacons.
woods forests trees vegetation	On a map of this scale, using tiny tree symbols, a more realistic - if out of scale - representation is given to woods and forests. The tree symbols are closely or loosely packed into woodland or woods and forests, arranged in lines for avenues, made larger in the fine planting of parkland, and so on. There are several areas of open woodland north of Bramley, one labelled:- Bramley Frith A wood NE of Stratfield Saye house is labelled:- Spring Wood The more extensive dense woodland east of Goodworth Clatford is labelled:- Harewood Forest Hackwood Park has fine avenues, running east from the house, and running north-south across the top of that. In the parkland there are larger 'specimen' trees. There are a number of avenues, in and out of parks, in the north-east of the county. Some of the great forests are noticed, but perhaps just labelled, no trees. (Forest don't necessarily have trees.) For Chute Forrest NEW FORREST Wutmere Forrest Some single trees are labelled, eg:- The Thorn west of South Stoneham, for example, and:- Wallers Ash two miles south of Stoke Charity. Wilverly Oak six miles NW of Lymington on the Burley road. Fair Thorn north of Kirbridge seems to be the label for a house and a tree drawn by the road side. A group of trees on a hillside east of Andover is:- Tirels Trees and:- Half Moon Trees is a half circlet of trees drawn at the end of the avenues west of Paultons House. A number of lone trees are drawn clearly, without any label, for example by the road NNE of North Stoneham. Different sorts of country are labelled, commons not with any particular symbol. Thus marshes might be, eg:- ... Heath ... Marshes ... Common but might have a specific site name, eg:- Bramshill Heath Ipsley Moor Hinton Common Great Morass Havant Chace
parks subscribers	Formal emparked places are surrounded by fence palings, standing up from the boundary line. A particularly fine example is:- Hackwood Park which has an interior line of fence as well. This park has avenues of trees, parkland with shrubs and trees, a great house with formal gardens, etc. By the house is number 18, which keys the house to 18 on the list of:- Gentlemens Names, &c. A Late Rt. Hon: Ld. Arundell ... 1 Rt. Hon. Ld. Anson of Soberton ... 2 ... His Grace the Duke of Bolton Hackwood Pk. ... 18 ... Mr Yates of the Starr Southampton ... 577 and an appendix of 9 more names. This list may or may not be a list of subscribers! It is printed in alphabetical order in cartouches on sheets 1, 2, 4, and 5. There are 586 names. It is easy to find a name from the number of a house on the map. It is not easy to find a house having got the name and number from the list. Dogmersfield Park has an entrance arch, a look-out tower or folly, a temple, and perhaps a monument. Headley Park has:- Ariosto Temple looking like a small ziggurat. A number of park gates are labelled, eg:- Soberton Hoe Gate in the road south of Soberton House.
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MAP FEATURES	- county, hundreds, settlements, roads, road distances, etc, roman roads, antiquities.
county	The county boundary is a fine dotted line. Mostly it is unnecessary as the map stops at the boundary. But, sensibly, the map maker has mapped an area outside Hampshire which is very relevant; the map includes the area out to Farnham. Elsewhere the village or another feature just across the border is shown for orientation, eg:- Tidworth Downton Adjacent counties are labelled, eg:- SURRY BERKSHIRE WILTSHIRE
hundreds	The hundred boundaries are dotted lines (bolder than the county boundary.) hundreds are labelled in large lettering across the map, eg:- HOLD SHOT HUNDRED FINCH DEAN
settlements streets	On this scale the map maker uses a range of pictorial symbols for places, explained in the table of symbols.
city town	towns are drawn by a street plan with blocks of houses besides the streets, etc; labelled in upright block caps, eg:- WINCHESTER SOUTHAMPTON ODIAM The size of the place is the indicator of its importance. Winchester has crosses, for churches etc, and shaded areas - of dense building? Southampton can be imagined to have gardens behind houses, and has the 'Bridwell' labelled. Portsmouth is fortified. The size of lettering is a little smaller for lesser towns.

village	Bigger villages are drawn with a church. The table of symbols has three sorts of church, with a tower, a tower with a roof, and with a spire. It would be interesting to know if Taylor got his architecture right, matching what was/is on the church. Labelling is upright lowercase, eg:- Minsted Lower Wallop Smaller villages are marked with dot and circle or dot and double circle; labelled in italic lowercase, eg:- Newton Stacey Freefolk A dot and double circle is used for:- Eastley a bigger little place. In practice some tiny settlements are shown as a few blocks along a road, or are settlements now but were just a house then, and shown as such.

seat house farm	Gentlemen's seats are drawn as larger houses, and farms and houses are smaller. Many are labelled. Some of these places are now villages.

religious house	Religious houses, monastical places, have their own symbols declared in the table of symbols. A cross on its side or a cross (+) in a four lobed surround for:- Old Foundations and a cross on its side or a double narrow pyramid (!?) for:- Bishops Palaces demolish'd The cross on its side is used for:- Selborne Priory Netty Abbey for example. The dot in a four lobed flower at:- Godsfield might be the other symbol.

roads milestones road distances distances from London turnpike roads signposts	The table of symbols declares roads drawn as by continuous double lines as:- Roads inclos'd with Hedges Dotted lines indicate:- Roads open over Heaths Downs &c. A great network of roads is drawn all over the county. Although the width of the roads depicted does vary, the major routes are not systematically drawn larger. The roman roads are drawn wide. Realism may be intended, see for example the varying width of one road north of West Meon. Taylor's depiction of the roads is likely to be more realistic than Ogilby's clean and direct routes. A route, eg: following one route, Blackwater to beyond Andover, part of one of the great routes from London to the west country, it is possible to pick out the way. But the way does not stand out on the map; you do have to pick it out. Near the bridge at Blackwater is the word 'London', though it is not clear that this means the way to London. Dropping off the hills to Hertford Bridge you could be forgiven for losing your way, except that the crossing would be fairly obvious to the eye. A mile and a half further you seem to have to traverse an avenue of trees just before coming to a 'Turnpike'. There are a lot of wiggles and turns to get you to Basingstoke, and it is hoped that the map is sufficiently accurate to allow the stranger to follow these. The same is true of the way to Andover; you can miss out Whitchurch and go over the downs by taking a fork right a mile beyond the 'Turnpike' west of Worting. This route uses the Harroway over the down. This way misses the 'Turnpike Road' just east of Andover, and you would join the other route again where a finger post is marked, half a mile east of Andover near 'Tirels Trees'. Etc. The main route is distinguished by having distances from London alongside it. Beside Blackwater is the figure '30', and along the major route there are road distances, 31, 32, etc, to Andover at 65.(These are not references to the list of names.) The intended route west is that marked with miles, past Abbots Ann on the 'Turnpike Road', out of the county to 'Labcomb Corner' in Wiltshire, but beyond Abbots Ann the road distances have been given up. This route is the equivalent of Ogilby plates 25, 26, the Lands End road from London. One other (maybe others, can't find much) route with road distances is that crossing a corner of Hampshire by Farnborough and Aldershot Common; continuing through Farnham, Surrey; then towards Alton and Southampton? The mile numbering stops level with Bentley. East of Andover on the turnpike is number '64':- At Sutton Scotney is number '60' and further down the road towards Stockbridge is:- 62 Mile Ston and further on:- Mile Stone These are on a major route, but there don't seem to be many other indicators. At some junctions there is a finger post drawn. There's a nice example a mile west of Titchfield on Titchfield Common. A few roads are named, some small roads, eg:- Ratlak Lane Hacomb Lane both south of Hursley. A junction might be named, eg:- Labcomb Corner [Wiltshire] which is still well known, and:- Lambs Corner Barclay Kings. A label on the map can be descriptive, not nominative, for example:- Drove coming in from Wiltshire near Hale. Also:- Green Lane from Worldham to Kingsley. Popham Lane is named.
antiquities roman roads	Roman roads are drawn more straight and broad than contemporary roads, and are labelled, eg:- A Roman Way running SSW towards Exbury, and there are:- Port Way Roman Way Ikenield Way Roman Road from Sarum to Winchester Silchester is shown prominently with walls and roads:-
antiquities tumuli hillforts	The table of symbols has a group of symbols for barrows and tumuli, the small hachured circle familiar today for a round barrow, and similar signs. Examples are:- Barrows three of them, labelled west of Popham Beacons where there are more. Kents or Canutes Barrow is marked NE of Upper Wallop. Hillforts are drawn as a ring of embankment, and may be labelled, eg:- Norsbury Camp north of Stoke Charity. and:- Bury hill Camp Barksbury Camp west and north of Upper Clatford.
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MAP FEATURES	- miscellaneous
miscellaneous	The map is full of interesting sites. The following are odd examples; no careful search has been made to locate all instances of any type of locality.
race courses	Some race courses are marked, eg:- Course is on Hazeley Heath, a hill top north of Hartley Wintney, marked with posts round a looping course. Course is the label for the race course on Basingstoke Down WSW of Church Oakley, marked by posts round a long oval.
warrens	Rabbit warrens are suggested by place names like:- Ramsey Warren Longwood Warren ESE of Romsey and east of Chilcomb respectively.
hospitals	Between Portsea and Hilsea is:- Pest House ie an isolation hospital on the coast of Portsea Island. Haslar is marked, labelled:- Hospital
stones	A stone is labelled:- Simons Stone on the county boundary south of Frensham Pond.
brickworks	There are numerous brickworks labelled on the map, eg:- Old Brickiln east of Bitterne by Westend Common, and:- Brickilns south of Norman Court near West Tytherley.
sheep washes	A ford across the Enborne, 'Auborn', west of Newtown is labelled:- Sheepwash or Monks Hill Ford which suggests another use for the accessible stretch of river.
inns	A scatter of inns are noticed by the map maker. Perhaps unnamed, eg:- Public House at a cross roads NW of Minstead. But also see:- New Inn south of Popham and the Wheatsheaf implied by the junction name 'Wheatsheaf Cross' nearby. At Barclay Kings there is the:- Blue Boar At the west entrance to North Stoneham Park there is:- Banquetting Ho[ ]
engines	At Eastrop, outside Basingstoke is:- Engine which is interesting?
smithies	A forge is labelled at:- Titchfield Forge south of Great Funtley.
water towers	Just NW of Haslar hospital is a tall building labelled:- Water House
gibbets	Beside the major road at Rake, between Liphook and Petersfield, is marked, by an upright and cross bar:- Gibbet (without occupant.)
salterns	Salterns are marked along the coast in the Lymington area; from Milford to Calshot, mostly labelled:- Saltern Two are shown on the east shore of Portsea Island, one labelled:- Great Saltern More are shown on the inner shore of east side of Hayling Island.
baths	At Pylewell by Badsley is:- Pyles Well Bath
schools	A school is labelled:- School House near 'Rock Court' west of Boarhunt.
farms	There is a :- Cabbage Garden north of Lasham.
tanneries	There is a:- Tan house east of Silchester.
chalk pits	There is a:- Chalk Pit SW of Odiham.
graves	On Portsdown above Farlington is:- Bevis Grave marked by what could be taken for a long barrow. And:- Moths Grave is labelled on the south side of Monk Sherborne.
decoys	Beside the Itchen, level with Stoneham is:- Decoy perhaps a decoy trap for duck and other wild fowl. There is another:- Decoy Pond though no pond is marked, up the Beaulieu River.
dovecots	West of Widley is a:- Pigeon House on Portsdown
salmon weirs	On the Avon just above Christchurch is a:- Salmon Wear
posts	Along a side road just west of Southampton are:- Four Posts And the:- Wilverly Post is drawn near the 'Wilverly Oak' by the road, 5-6 miles NW of Lymington.
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also see:-
	presentation in Old Hampshire Mapped

ITEMS	in HMCMS Map Collection (scanned item in bold)
	HMCMS:FA2001.141 -- map
	HMCMS:FA2002.515 -- reproduction map
	HMCMS:FA2004.3 -- map
also see	HMCMS:FA2004.3 -- one-inch map presentation (in new window)
	HMCMS:KD1996.6 -- reproduction map
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