notes OS 1904

	Research Notes Map Group OS 1904

OS 1904
	These notes are taken from the 10 MILE to 1 INCH MAP of England and Wales published by the Ordnance Survey, Southampton, Hampshire, 1904. The item studied is in a private collection.
	The maps are colour printed. The map studied is a compilation of the 12 sheets into one map sold by Edward Stanford, 12-14 Long Acre, London. The map is sectioned for folding, 6 across 5 up, mounted on linen, and presented folded in a slip case. The size: wxh, section = 15.5x25cm; wxh, slip case = 17x25.5cm; wxh, map = 98x125cm. The notes here will be strongly biased to Hampshire interest.

	THE 10 MILE MAP
	MAP FEATURES

THE 10 MILE MAP
	In the 19th century the main efforts of the Ordnance Survey were to produce maps in three prescribed series, at 1 inch, 6 inch and 25 inch scales. Maps at smaller scales were made, usually index maps. A general map of southern England and Wales at 10 miles to 1 inch was engraved in the 1820s as an index to what is now called the Old Series One Inch Maps. Various editions of this sheet were prepared up to the 1890s. In 1899 a general topographic map was authorised at this scale and was completed in 12 sheets in 1904.
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MAP FEATURES
title map maker map seller	Printed on a label pasted on the slip case is:- ... SOLE AGENT IN LONDON FOR THE SALE OF ORDNANCE MAPS. / ENGLAND & WALES / LONDON: EDWARD STANFORD, GEOGRAPHER TO HIS MAJESTY, 12, 13 & 14 LONG ACRE, W.C. In the label corners are three devices. Top left is a shield with a coat of arms; a shaded field with three canon one above another, above in 'chief' which is plain are three shaded 'bezants', labelled 'ORDNANCE MAPS'. Top right is an oval with the foul anchor badge if the Admiralty, labelled 'ADMIRALTY CHARTS'. Bottom left has a globe and advertising 'MAPS GUIDE BOOKS ATLASES'. Bottom right is a street map of an area around Trafalgar Square, labelled 'PLANS'.
orientation up is N	The map has no indicator of orientation. It is printed with North at the top of the sheet.
scale line scale	Printed at the bottom of some sheets is a:- Scale of Ten Statute Miles to One Inch 1/633600 and a scale line chequered and labelled in 10 miles intervals, plus a leftward extension chequered and labelled in 1 mile intervals. The 50+10 miles = 153.7 mm gives a scale 1 to 628241. The map scale is about:- 1 to 630000 10 miles to 1 inch (Remember that paper shrinks and expands with changes of humidity, and mounting on linen is a wet job.)
sea area sea tinted	The sea area is printed a shade of 'blue'. Some sea areas are labelled, eg:- ENGLISH CHANNEL THE SOLENT SPITHEAD Christchurch Bay
coast line foreshore headlands lighthouses harbours	The coast line is plain. Foreshore shallows are shown by dotting. Headlands are ?mostly not labelled. The major harbours can all be recognised, but, in Hampshire, are not labelled. Lighthouses are marked by a symbol, for example on Hurst Spit. Light ships are also shown in the offing, by a symbol, for example two off the spit at Calshot.
rivers bridges	Rivers are drawn by a wiggly line, printed blue, and perhaps labelled, eg:- River Avon Beaulieu River Riv. Itchen All the larger rivers of Hampshire are noticed - River Stour, River Avon, Lymington River, Beaulieu River, River Test, River Itchen. Hamble River, River Meon, Wallington River, River Rother, River Wey, Blackwater River, River Loddon etc, River Enborne. And a few of the larger tributaries. Bridges are not marked, but are implied where a road crosses and interrupts a stream.
relief hill shading	Relief is indicated by hill shading printed brown. This is attractive, but in Hampshire it fails to give a reliable impression of the shape of the county. Hills are mostly not labelled, but notice:- 889 / Butser Hill
woods forests	Woodland is not indicated by symbols. In Hampshire two of the old forests are labelled:- NEW FOREST FOREST OF BERE [East Bere Forest]
county	County boundaries are a dashed line. County areas are labelled, eg:- HAMPSHIRE The lettering overlies the topographical detail, but is modified where it clashes with a placename. For example, at King's Sombourne, the bold downstroke of the A of the county name is faded out to allow the ng of the placename to show through.
settlements	Settlements are marked and labelled in various ways indicating their status.
city	area of shading for a built up area; labelled in upright block caps, eg:- WINCHESTER

town	dot and circle; labelled in italic block caps, eg:- ANDOVER STOCKBRIDGE But, an extensive town might have a shading for the built up area. In Hampshire this applies to Portsmouth, Southampton, Aldershot, and Bournemouth.

village	cross (+); labelled in italic lowercase text, eg:- Wallop [for all the Wallops?] Crawley Not all villages are noticed. Looking at the selection of villages and other lesser features on the map, I get the impression that there was a concern to have an even coverage of topographic detail rather than a true description of settlement.

roads	A network of roads is shown by double lines, filled with an orangey brown.
railways	Railways are shown by a bold line, some labelled, eg in Hampshire:- LONDON & SOUTH WESTERN RAILWAY L. & S. W. R. Some stations, outwith towns, are indicated by a cross line, labelled, eg:- Sway Sta. Highclere Sta.
canals	Canals are drawn by a curvy bold blue line. In Hampshire the only canal shown is the:- Basingstoke Canal
miscellaneous
antiquities religious houses castles	In Hampshire there are a number of labels in english black letter which are regarded as antiquities, eg:- Priory [at Christchurch] Cas. [at Porchester] Hurst Cas. Abbey [at Netley] Abbey [at Romsey] Abbey [at Titchfield]
monuments	A small drawing of a stone is labelled:- Rufus's Stone north of Minstead.
antiquities roman town	Silchester village is also labelled:- CALLEVA ATREBATUM
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