Return to list of Features
NB: typical illustrated examples are described, NOT ALL examples.
absence of evidence is not evidence of absence
dot, circle, pair of towers with flags marks a castle, eg:-
Hurst castel
Coastal defence castles are shown at Hurst, Calshot, Netley, St Andrew's, Southsey and the blockhouse east of the last. Portsmouth and Southampton are NOT drawn with recorgnisable polygonal fortifications, though town walls and bastions are shown.
Two of the early coastal defence castles in Hampshire are marked and labelled:-
Hurst cast
Calshot castNetley is shown as a place altho it is not a town; maybe because there was a castle here.
Several coastal defence castles are drawn and labelled:-
hurst castle
calshott cast
St. Androws cast
south castleand also, marked as a ruin:-
Ruynes of hasel worth castle
Artillery style fortifications are clearly drawn around Portsmouth.
The coastal defence castles are drawn and labelled at:-
Hurst cast
Calshot cast
Netley cast
S. Andros
The coastal defence castles are drawn and labelled:-
Hurst castle
Calshot cast
Netley cast
St: Androw cast
Ruynes of Haselworth castle
South cast
Although there is mention of Hurst and Calshot Castles in the song that accompanies the map, they are not shown.
Some of the coastal defence castles are shown, labelled:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castle
St. Andrews Castle
The coastal defence of Hampshire is shown by:-
Hurst Cast
Calshot Chastle [sic]Sea battles are marked by single or crossed swords. For example there is a single sword, labelled:-
1690south of Hastings. This is presumably the Battle of Beachy Head, which we and the Dutch lost against the French.
The coastal defence of Hampshire is shown by:-
Hurst cast
[Calshot Castle drawn, but no label]
[Worth Castle drawn?]
[Southsea Castle is drawn]
[a ?castle on Hayling I, with leading line]
A castle is shown by a circle, one or two towers; lowercase italic text, eg:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castle
S. Andrews Castle
South Castle
Worth castplus an unlabelled circle where the 'blockhouse' should be?
Hurst and Calshot are clearly on their mudbanks out to sea.
The coastal defence castles are shown by a circle, buildings, towers with flags, labelled:-
Hurst castle
Calshot castle
S. Andrews Castle
Worth ca.
South castleHaselworth only has a circle; Southsea lacks a flag. No fortifications are shown at Portsmouth.
The coastal defence of Hampshire is shown by:-
Hurst Cast
Calshot Cast
Coastal defence castles are hardly noticed. Hurst castle is missing; so is the whole of Hurst Spit! The defencs shown are:-
Calshott cast
S Andrews Castle
Ruynes of haselworth castle
South castle
Some of the Hampshire coastal defence castles are labelled:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castle
S Sea C
Two of Hampshire's coastal defence castles are shown:-
Hurst C
Calshot CHurst is drawn on a tentative spit of land drawn from the coast ?west of its true position. This style of marking this spit is seen on other maps: two almost parallel lines drawn southward into the sea area, closed by a circle at the end.
A few of the coastal defence castles are labelled, eg:-
Calshott Cast
St Andrews Cast
Ruyns of hasel wroth cast
South Castle
The coastal defence of Hampshire is shown by:-
Calshot Castle
Mostly as original:-A castle and a tower are shown at Poole Harbour. Because of other work the castle on Hurst Spit is re-engraved, though the label is almost unaltered. A castle labelled:-
Worth ca.is added off Rams Head.
Coastal defence castles are labelled:-
Hurst C.
Calshot C.
The coastal defence of Hampshire is shown by:-
Hurst Ch. [ie Chataeu]
Calshot Ch.Sea battles are marked by single or crossed swords. For example there is a single sword, labelled:-
1690about 9 leagues south of Hastings. This is presumably the Battle of Beachy Head, which we and the Dutch lost against the French.
Coastal defences are drawn as a dumpy castle with a flag, and labelled at:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castle
Castle [at Netley]
Southsea Castleand on the island. Southsea is shown with its artillery style angular walls, which were a novelty when built. The fortifications around Portsmouth
and Gosport are drawn as polygonal style artillery fortifications, as are the walls around:-
Kings DocksThe naval dockyard in which two large ?dry docks are drawn as well as workshops.
More fortifications are drawn guarding the Ports Bridge over Ports Creek.
The old coastal defence castles are drawn and labelled:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castle
Castle [Netley]
Southsea CastleAnd there are artillery style polygonal fortifications around Gosport, Portsmouth and the King's Docks at Portsea.
Two of the coastal defence castles are marked by a tower, labelled:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Ca.Each on their spit of land.
Coastal defence castles are drawn, circle and two towers, and labelled:-
Hurst Cast
Calshot castle
St Andrews
South[ ] cast
The original label 'South Castle' is corrected, 'Sea' is inserted to read:-
South Sea Castle
The coastal defence of Hampshire is shown by:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castle
circle and flag, eg:-
St Andrews Ctower and flag, eg:-
Hurst C.
Calshot C
Some of Hampshire's coastal defences are shown:-
Hurst Cdrawn on a funny little spit jutting out from the shore. And:-
Calshot C.
The map shows only two important of Hampshire's coastal defence castles:-
Hurst C.
Calshot C.
Hampshire coastal defence castles are noticed:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castle
[Nolly] Castle
Old Castle [St Andrews Castle, ruins]
Castle [at Portchester]
[fortifications, Portsmouth]
South Sea Castle
Castles are shown along the coast by a tower with a flag:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Cas.
Netly Cast
St And. C.
South Sea Cast.
Some of the old coastal defence castles are shown, eg:-
Calshott Castle
Hurst Cast.And there are fortifications around Portsmouth, whose symbols sports a flag.
Some of the coastal defence castles are marked, circle and flag symbol, and labelled:-
Hurst Cast.
Calshot Cast.
S. Andrews Cast.
The coastal defence castles are shown, perhaps just by a circle, but perhaps with a flag.
Hurst cast.
Calshol Cast
Netly C.
St. And [C.]
South Sea Castle
The coastal defence castles:-
Hurst Cast
Calshot Castare shown, but no others. Portsmouth is not drawn with fortifications.
Only a couple of the coastal defence castles are noticed:-
Hurst Ca.
Calshot Cast.
Two of the coastal castles are labelled:-
Hurst Cast.
Calshot Castle
It is possible to imagine hints of polygonal style fortifications in the drawing at Calshot: this is one of Henry VIII's castles, built before the period of angle bastions.
Several of the coastal defence castles are drawn, with a circle, perhaps with a square of building, and with a flag above.
Hurst C.
Calshot C.
St. Andrews C.
South Sea Castle
Castles have no special symbol. Hurst has just a circle while Malwood has a circle and flag.
Coastal defence castles are:-
Hurst C.
Calshot C.
St Andrews C.
South Sea CastleThe map is to small to have any indication of town walls or fortifications at Portsmouth or Southampton.
Many of the old castles are marked and labelled:-
Hurst C.
Calshot Castle
Netley Castle
Worth Castle
South Sea C.
Block H.Some of these are marked with just a circle; others have a drawing of a castle, towers etc.
Polygonal artillery fortifications are drawn around Portsmouth:-
and to the north of Ports Bridge, labelled:-
A FortInland castles are drawn at Malwood and Odiham.
Coastal defence castles are shown at:-
Hurst C.
Calshot C.
St. Andrews C.
Worth C.
South Sea Cast.and at Portsmouth there is, labelled:-
A Fort
The coastal defences of Hampshire are noted:-
Chateau de Hurts [Hurst Castle, circle, tower, flag]
Chateau de Calshot [Calshot Castles, circle, flag]
Nolty Chateau [Netley Castle, square fortification, flag]
Vieux Chateau [St Andrew's Castle ruins, square fortification, flag]
Chateau [Portchester Castle, square fortification]
Fort [fortifications north of Portsey Creek]
Arcenal du Roy [King's Dockyard, Portsmouth, fortifications]
Portsmouth [fortifications]
Chateau de la Mer du Sud [Southsea Castle, square fortification, flag]as well as defences on the Isle of Wight.
Some of the old coastal defence castles are noticed, marked by a circle and flag, labelled:-
Hurst cast.
Calshot Cast.
South Sea Cast.Angular fortifications are drawn around Portsmouth.
An unlabelled circle and flag marks Porchester castle.
Same as Kitchin.
Some of the coastal defence castles are noticed:-
Hurst Cast.
Calshot Cast.
Southsea Cast.The last, only, has a circle and flag symbol.
The town of Portsmouth has a wide circle drawn around it and although this does not look like polygonal artillery fortifications, that is probably what it is meant to represent.
The chart shows a lot of coastal defence features around the navy's home base; what else! In the late eighteenth century relationships between France and Great Britain were not good; France threatened invasion. Their maps of our defences was not, for us, a good thing.
There are small forts:-
Fort de South Seaand grander polygonal, artillery style fortifications:-
as at Ports Creek. The fortifications shown are (interpreting as well as maybe) following round Portsmouth Harbour from the south west:-
Fort Blockhouse :-
small fort with four bastions, labelled:-
FortSouth side of Haslar Lake; West side of the entrance to Portsmouth Harbour.
Gosport Lines :-
angular fortifications to landward, plain walls to seaward.
Priddy's Hard (?) :-
small fort with four bastions, labelled:-
FortNorth side of Forton Lake. It is too small but in the right position to be Priddy's Hard.
Fort James (??) :-
small fort with four bastions, on a sandbank, labelled:-
FortThis is far too far north, but what else might it be but Fort James?
Portchester Castle :-
small fort with four bastions, labelled:-
Chateau ou Fort
Portsea Lines :-
clearly drawn angular fortifications, on each side of Ports Creek, and an island fort between, no bridge shown, labelled:-
Ft. de Portsey
Portsmouth Dockyard :-
angular fortifications to landward, plain walls to seaward, labelled:-
Kings Dock ou le Chantier Royal
Portsmouth Lines :-
angular fortifications all around the town, guarding the east side of the entrance to Portsmouth Harbour. (Detail note below)
Southsea Castle :-
small fort with four bastions, labelled:-
Fort de South Sea
Lumps Fort (?) :-
a single rectangular building east of Southsea Castle could be Lumps Fort, though Bellin does not recognise it.
Some of the coastal defences of Hampshire are noticed, eg:-
Hurst Ca.
Calshot Ca.
South Sea Ca.
Cumberland Ft.
Little of the strip maps is by the sea, so the coastal defence castles are expected. But a turning beyond Christchurch is labelled:-
(plate 20 scroll 5 mile 11-12)
to Hurst Castle
Some of the coastal defences of Hampshire are noticed, castles and fortifications:-
Hurst Cast.
Calshot Cast.
[fortifications at Gosport]
[fortifications at Portsmouth]
South Sea Cast.
Having declared a symbol for castles in the table of symbols, circle and flag, the coastal defence castles are marked byu a circle alone, labelled:-
Hurst Cas.
Calshot Cas.
Southsea Cast.
Only:-
Colshet Cas.of Hampshire's several coastal defence castles is noticed by the map.
A few of the coastal defences of Hampshire are noticed:-
Hurst Cas.
Calshot
St. Andrews C.
Castles are shown by a circle plus a flag, given in the table of symbols; labelled, eg:-
Hurst Cast
Calshot Cast.
Soutsea Cast
Some of the old coastal defence castles are labelled - no symbol:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castle
St. Andrew's CastleThe fortifications of Portsmouth are shown, just.
A few of the coastal defence castles are labelled:-
Hurst Cast.
Calshot Castle
Southsea CastleThere are no fortifications around Portsmouth or Gosport.
The old castles which were the coastal defence for the area are nearly all marked:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castle
[Netley] Castle
St. Andrews Castle
South Sea CastleThe more modern and relevant fortifications at Portsmouth are not depicted.
Various elements of Hampshire's coastal defences and related features are noticed:-
Redoubt [square fortification]
Hasler H. [large H shape building]
[fortifications at Gosport]
Magazine [the then new magazine at Priddys Hard]
Blackhouse [ie Blockhouse Fort?]
The Lines [fortification on north shore of Portsea Island]
DOCK YARD [fortification]
[fortification around Portsmouth]
Southsea Cas. [fortification]
Cumberland Fort [fortification]
Only a couple of the coastal defence castles are marked. The symbol for Hurst Castle can just be seen to be a square with dots at the corner, a conventional castle, not that it has that shape. These are labelled:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castle
Coastal defence castles and more modern fortifications are marked and labelled:-
Hurst Cas.
Calshot Castle
Redoubt [east point of Stokes Bay]
[fortifications around Gosport]
Magazine [Priddy's Hard]
Blockhouse [south west of Fareham]
The Lines [north edge of Portsea Island]
Hilsea Barracks
[heavy fortifications] DOCK YARD
[fortifications around Portsmouth]
Southsea Cas.
Cumberland F.
East Stoke F.The fortifications suggest angular, artillery style fortification. Around the dock yard there are 4 fierce layers of angular lines.
The old coastal castles are drawn at
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castle
Netly Castle
Old Castle [ie St Andrew's]
South Sea Castleand forts:-
Moncton Fort
Blockhouse Fort
Mud Forts [Southsea shore]
Cumberland FortFortifications are drawn round Gosport and Portsmouth.
Some of the coastal defences of Hampshire are noticed, some labelled:-
Hurst Cas. [dot for a building]
Calshot Cas. [small square]
Fort Monckton [rectangle with 4 corner bastions?]
[polygonal fortifications at Gosport]
[polygonal fortifications at RN dockyard]
[polygonal fortifications at Portsmouth]
South Sea Castle [small ?square]
[polygonal fortifications at Fort Cumberland?]There are other buildings which may be other fortifications.
The chart shows the old coastal defence castles:-
Calshot Castle
South Sea CastleMore modern defences are drawn as artillery style angular fortifications, at:-
Fort Monckton
Fort [Lumps?]
Cumberland FortBut also notice the heavy fortifications around Gosport, Portsmouth, and the Dock Yard. And notice the associated:-
Haslar Hospital
Magazine [still fairly new at Priddy's Hard]
Dock Yard
The Lines [Portsea Island shore at Ports Creek]
Hilsea Barracks
Only one of the coastal defence castles is noticed:-
Calshot Cast.drawn with two towers, a symbol from an earlier period of map making.
Two of the old coastal defence castles are labelled:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castle
Little of the county's coastal defences are noticed on the map. There is a tower on Hurst Spit which could be Hurst Castle, if it isn't the lighthouse:-
There are fortifications around Portsmouth:-
Many of the old coastal defence castles and more recent fortifications are shown, together with related works. The fortifications clearly drawn as artillery style polygonal defences. See:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castle
Netley Castle
[fortification, Fort Gilkicker]
Barracks [at Haslar]
Haslar Hospital
[fortification, Fort Blockhouse]
[fortification, around Gosport]
Burrow Fort
Priddys Hard [and fortification]
[fortification, along Ports Creek]
[fortification on mainland at Ports Bridge]
Hilsea Redoubt
Hilsea Barracks
Magazine [Tipner Point]
[fortification, round Royal Navy dockyard]
[fortification, round Portsmouth]
S. Sea Castle
[fortification, Lumps Fort]
[fortification]
Cumberland FortOn a later edition of the 1 inch maps, government maps, the coastal defences are partly erased. The fortifications around Gosport and the dockyard and town at Portsmouth, are, for example, blanked out. Haslar Hospital and Priddy's Hard are gone, and so on.
A few of the coastal defence castles are labelled:-
Hurst Cas.
Calshot Cas.No fortifications are shown around Portsmouth etc.
Only two of the coastal defence castles are labelled:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castleneither marked by a building.
Coastal defences are little noticed. Two of the old castles are labelled:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot CastleIt is not very clear, but there might be a line of fortification drawn around Portsmouth.
Several of the old coastal defence castles are noticed, and some of the more recent fortifications and related features:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castle
Ft. Monkton
Hasler Hospital
[fortifications at Gosport]
The Lines [north shore of Portsea Island]
[fortifications around dockyard and Portsmouth]
South Sea Castle
Cumberland Fort
Drawn with a tower with a flag, which is hidden in the engraving of coast line and shading, is:-
Hurst CasThe only other castle noticed is:-
Calshot Cast
Various of the old castles and more recent fortifications relating to the coastal defence of Hampshire are shown:-
Hurst Castle [dot]
Calshot Castle [small fortification]
Castle [at Netley]
Fort Monkton [blocks]
[fortifications at Gilkicker Point]
Haslar Hospital [large building]
Blockhouse [at the entrance to Portsmouth Harbour]
[fortifications around Gosport]
Burrow Fort [on an island]
[fortifications around Priddys Hard]
Block House [on estuary S of Fareham]
[fortifications north shore of Portsea Island]
[fortification Cosham end of Ports Bridge]
[fortifications around naval dockyard]
[fortifications around Portsmouth]
Southsea Castle [fortification]
Lumps Fort
[fortification]
Cumberland Fort [large fortification]
castles etc are marked and labelled along the coast, eg:-
Hurst Cas
Netley Cas
Calshot Cas
Cumberland FtAlthough not a clear representation of polygonal artillery fortification, the works protecting Portsmouth and the naval base at Portsea can be seen on the map:-
Castles along the shore are marked:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castle
South Sea Castle
Fort Monkton
Cumberland FortThere are suggestions of polygonal fortification for Southsea Castle and at Portsmouth:-
Coastal defences are not noticed. The only element shown is a thin angular line around the naval dockyard at Portsmouth, which could be interpreted as fortifications.
Very little of the coastal defence of Hampshire is noticed on the map. Only:-
Hurst Castleis drawn, perhaps by a dot and circle and tower, and labelled.
Not much notice is taken of the county's coastal defences. Labelled are:-
Hurst Cas.
Calshot Cas.Portsmouth, Portsea, Gosport have a scatter of square blocks within a line - which MIGHT be taken to indicate fortifications:-
Only one of the coastal defence castles is shown, labelled:-
Hurst Cas.
The old coastal defence castles are mostly ignored, except:-
South Sea CastleAn angular line around Portsmouth suggests the town's fortifications.
Some of the coastal defences of Hampshire are noticed, castles, fortifications and related features:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castle
Monkton Ft.
Haslar Hosp.
[fortifications around Gosport]
[fortifications around Portsmouth and the dockyard]
Southsea Cast.
Lumps Ft.
Cumberland Ft.
Only a few of the coastal defences are shown, just the some of the old castles:-
Hurst Cas.
Calshot Castle
Southsea Cas.Also notice:-
Haslar Hosp.
Along the coast of the Solent are some of the coastal defence castles:-
Hurst Cas.
Calshot Cas.
Southsea Cast.
Lumps Ft.
Cumberland Ft.Polygonal lines around Portsea and Portsmouth suggest the fortifications of the naval bases:-
A number of the old coastal defence castles are noticed:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castle
Netley Castle
South Sea CastleAnd artillery style fortifications are drawn around the Royal Naval Dockyard, Portsmouth and Gosport:-
Only one of the coastal defence castles is noticed:-
Hurst Cas.marked by a little crenellated tower. No fortifications are drawn around Portsmouth etc.
The old and newer defences along the coast are marked, labelled:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castle
Netley Castle
Sth. Sea Castle
Cumberland FortArtillery style polygonal fortifications are shown at Portsmouth, Portsea, Gosport and along the north shore of Portsea Island. Fortifications are suggested by the shape of Cumberland Fort.
Coastal defences are noticed on the chart, both old castles and newer fortifications, along with related navy features:-
Calshot Castle
Fort Monkton [artillery style fortifications]
Haslar Hospital
Block House
[fortifications around Gosport]
[fortifications around Priddy's Hard] Magazine
[fortifications along north shore of Portsea Island]
[fortification at Ports Bridge]
Magazine [N of Tiphoe]
Magazine [S of Tiphoe]
[fortifications around RN dockyard]
[fortifications around Portsmouth]
Southsea Castle [artillery style fortifications]
Lumps Ft.
Eastney Ft.
Cumberland Ft. [artillery style fortifications]
Several of the older coastal defence castles are marked and labelled:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castle
South Sea Castleand also:-
Eaglehurst Castlewhich is not a castle, and not part of the coastal defences. More recent fortifications are also shown, maybe labelled:-
Ft. Monkton
[fortifications round Gosport]
[fortifications at Portsmouth dockyard]
The Lines [north shore of Portsea Island]
Cumberland Fort
Only one coastal defence castle is labelled:-
Calshot Cas.without any building marked.
The coastal defences about the Solent are marked; both the Henry VIII castles and more modern fortifications:-
Hurst Cas.
Calshot Cas.
Netley castle
Browndown Fort
Fort Monkton
Block H.
South Sea castle
Forts (on Southsea shore)
Cumberland Ft.Southsea Castle's symbol looks a bit like a square with buttresses, but the symbols are not particularly distinctive.
Fortifications are shown by zigzag lines, suggestive, but no better, of polygonal artillery style fortifications, at Gosport, Portsmouth and Portsmouth dockyard:-
and all along the north shore of Portsea Island, labelled:-
The Li[n]es
A number of the old coastal defence castles and some of the later fortifications and other related features are labelled:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castle
Netley Castle
Victoria Hosp.
Browndown Ft.
Fort Monckton
Haslar Hospital
[fortification round Gosport]
[fortification along Ports Creek]
Dock Yard [and fortifications]
[fortification round Portsmouth]
Southsea Castle
Lumps F.
Cumberland Fort
Coastal defences are shown, some of the older castles, and some fortifications:-
Hurst Castle
Fort Gomer
Monckton Fort [star shape]
Blockhouse [squarish with four bastions]
[Fortifications around Gosport]
[fortification around the Royal Dockyard and town, Portsmouth]
Southsea Cas. ... [star shape]
Lumps
Fort Cumberland [angular fort]
The maps do not include the whole coast of Hampshire, but various features of the coastal defences of the county are shown, castles, fortifications, and related features. On Southampton water:-
Netley Castle
Victoria Hospitaland in the Portsmouth area:-
Barracks [on Stokes Bay]
Ft. Monkton [fortification]
Haslar Hospital
[fortification around Gosport]
Royal Clarence Yard
Burrow Fort
Priddys Hard [fortification]
Magazine [near Hilsea]
[fortification around naval dockyard]
[fortification around Portsmouth]
S. Sea Castle
Hilsea RedoubtNone of the great forts around the Portsmouth area are noticed - or allowed to be noticed?
Several of the old coastal defence castles are labelled:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castle
Netley Castle
Southsea Castlebut none of the more recent fortifications.
Most of the coastal defence castles of the county are ignored, but see:-
Hurst Castle
A number of the older coastal defence castles and more recent fortifications, and related installations, are noticed (in sequence):-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castle
Netley Castle
Victoria Hospital
Browndown Ft.
[fortification at Gilkicker Point]
Barracks
Fort Monkton
Haslar Hospital
[fortifications around Gosport]
Burrow ft
[?fortifications around Priddys Hard]
Magazine [N of Stamshaw]
[Fortifications around the naval dockyard]
[fortifications around Portsmouth]
Southsea Cas.
Lumps Fort
Eastney Fort
Cumberland Fort [imaginative fortifications!]
Coastal defence castles and forts are labelled at:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castle
Ft. Monckton
F. Elson
Southsea Cas.
Ft. CumberlandForts Monckton and Elson are drawn with artillery style fortifications which are also shown around the naval dockyard and old town at Portsmouth.
Little of Hampshire's coastal defences are shown. Just:-
Calshot Ca.
A few of the old coastal defence castles of Hampshire are labelled:-
Hurst Castle
Southsea Castle
Some of the coastal defences are noticed; early castles and later fortifications, etc:-
Hurst Cas.
Calshot Castle
Netley Cas.
Hosp [Haslar]
[fortification round Portsmouth and the dockyard]
South Sea Castle
Cumberland Fort
Some of the old and new coastal defences are noticed on the map:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castle
Netley Castle
Ft. Monkton
[fortifications at Gosport]
[fortifications at naval dockyard]
[fortifications at Portsmouth]
South Sea Castle
Cumberland FortWhat is not shown is interesting.
A few of the coastal defence castles are noticed by the map makers, labelled:-
Hurst Castle
Calshot Cas.
Ft. Monckton
Cumberland Ft.But there are no fortifications around Portsmouth or Gosport.
On Hurst Spit there is:-
HURST CASTLE
Two of the coastal defence castles are noticed:-
Hurst Cas.
Calshot Cas
Coastal defences are almost entirely ignored. One of the old coastal defence castles, still in use, is labelled:-
Hurst CastleThere is no suggestion of the fortifications around Portsmouth and Gosport.
Southsea castle is drawn as an imposing building with a flag on one wing.
It is outwith the small scope of these notes to analyse what coastal defences are and are not shown on these maps, produced at a sensitive time just after World War I.
The old coastal defence castles might be noticed, as (on sheet 132):-
Calshot Castlemarked by a circle symbol not a ground plan, labelled in english black letter, with additional information:-
(Seaplane and Wireless Tel. Sta.)and notice:-
Castle [Netley]
South Sea CastleDrawn in outline. Other fortifications are mostly missing from the map? There is a simple outline of polygonal fortifications at Gilkicker, unlabelled; Haslar Hospital is plotted; the chain of forts defending Gosport are drawn in outline, unlabelled; the forts on Portsdown are absent; the Royal Dockyard is plotted; Lumps Fort and Fort Cumberland are just outlined, not labelled.
coastal defence, castles, fortifications |
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See:-
Corney, Arthur: 1965: Fortifications in Old Portsmouth: Portsmouth City Museums (Portsmouth, Hampshire)
Dartington Amenity Research Trust: 1979: Defence of the Realm: not published
Platt, Colin: 1976: Archaeology in Medieval Southampton: Southampton Museums and Art Gallery (Southampton, Hampshire)
Saunders, A D: 1977: Hampshire Coastal Defence since the Introduction of Artillery: Royal Archaeological Institute (London)
White, L F W: : Crossing the Harbour in Elizabethan Times: Gosport Records (Gosport Historic Records and Museum Society, Gosport, Hampshire): no.2
Williams, G H: 1979: Western defences of Portsmouth Harbour 1400-1800: Portsmouth Papers (Portsmouth City Council, Portsmouth, Hampshire): no.30
