map features, railways

Map Features - railways

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In order by date from the Map group (maker year)
NB: typical illustrated examples are described, NOT ALL examples.
absence of evidence is not evidence of absence

OS 1810s Old Series

(railways)

When the Old Series was first published there were no railways. Railways were added on later printings by a double line with cross lines, often labelled with a version (not reliable) of the railway's name. Cuttings and embankments are shown by hachures; over and under bridges indicated; viaducts drawn with a row of v pillars and label 'Viaduct'; tunnels shown by a double dotted line and label 'Tunnel'; stations drawn by a block or two and label 'Station' or 'Railway Station'. Looking closely at the engraving it is possible to see how the engraving is added to an existing plot.
The Map Collection does not have a set of sheets of one period, so it is not sensible to survey railways as a whole for the county. An example from sheet 11 is:-

London and Southampton Railway :-
passing on the west side of Winchester, where there is a:-

Station

then down the Itchen valley, 'Station' outside Bishopstoke; and on to:-

Railway Station

at Southampton. The line is labelled:-

Southampton and London railway

There are figures beside some lines, eg:- 80, 81, ... starting at Southampton along the Southampton and Dorchester Railway. These are probably distances from London.

Smith 1820

(table of data; railways; canals; rivers)
There are two tables printed on the right of the map, a list of:-

RAILWAYS

which at this early date is short, and has nothing in Hampshire. And:-

A LIST OF THE CANALS & NAVIGABLE RIVERS SHEWING THE PRINCIPAL ARTICLES OF MINERAL TONNAGE

which includes, for Hampshire:-

Canals ... ... ... ... Article of Tonnage

...

Andover ... w ... ... ... Coal

...

Basingstoke ... w ... im ... Coal

...

and:-

...

Avon R. (Salisbury) 50M. ... Coal, Gun Flints

...

Itching R. ... 15M. ... ... Coal

...

Greenwood 1826

(railways)
The table of symbols includes a symbol for railways; there were no railways in Hampshire till 1830s, the first opened 1838.

Teesdale 1830

(railways)

There were no railways when the map was drawn about 1830. Railways are drawn by a bold line with cross ties. The engraving is done crudely, running over existing features and labelling. It is not all done in the same style, which hints that railways might have been added bit by bit. A few of the lines are labelled; lines going out of the county are labelled with their destination. The railways shown are (the list terms are the standard terms used in Old Hampshire Gazetteer, the date is the date of opening):-

London and Southampton Railway :-

1840

labelled:-

London & Southampton Raily.

Bishopstoke to Gosport branch railway :-

1842

Chichester to Portsmouth branch railway :-

1847

labelled at the county boundary:-

To Chichester & Brighton

Eastleigh to Salisbury branch railway :-

1847

labelled at the county boundary:-

From Salisbury

Southampton and Dorchester Railway :-

1847

labelled at the county boundary:-

Fr. Dorchester

Berkshire and Hampshire Railway :-

1848

labelled at the county boundary:-

To Reading

Fareham to Cosham branch railway :-

1848

Reading, Guildford and Reigate Railway :-

1849

labelled at the county boundaries:-

Fr. Reading / To Reigate

Farnham to Alton branch railway :-

1852

Bishopstoke and Salisbury Railway :-

1857

labelled at the county boundary:-

From Salisbury

Lymington Railway :-

1858

Ringwood, Christchurch and Bournemouth Railway :-

1862

as far as Christchurch

Mid Hants, Alton Lines, Railway :-

1865

?drawn as a proposed line?

Salisbury and Dorset Junction Railway :-

1866

labelled at the county boundary:-

From Salisbury

Southampton and Netley Railway :-

1866

As far as 'Nelley' only.

Lewis 1831

(railways)

Railways have been added to the later edition of the map, drawn by a bold line with cross ties. The engraving runs over existing features and labels. The railway shown is:-

London and Southampton Railway :-
Opened throughout 1840, labelled:-

Southampton Railway

Hall 1833

(railways)

Railways are drawn by a double line with cross ties. The lines are engraved over existing features on the map, obscuring features and labels willy-nilly. The original map, 1833, had no railways. Later maps have more railways as a broad bold line:-

Pigot 1835

(railways)
A single railway is shown on the map, labelled:-

London and South Western Raily.

When the map was made, 1835, the London and Southampton Railway had not been built, though its route was known from its Act of Parliament passed 1834. It was renamed the London and South Western railway in 1839, and opened throughout in 1840.

Dower 1838

(railways)

In 1838 there no railway had been completed in Hampshire, but the London and Southampton Railway, later the London and South Western railway, LSWR, was being built. Its Act passed in 1834, so its route was known and is shown on this map by a double line with cross bars. It is labelled:-

Southampton and London Railroad

Although the branch to Gosport was known in 1838 it is not suggested.
In places the railway looks as of it is added, it is engraved over other features, elsewhere a label is fitted to the line of rail, suggesting the label came after the railway.

Robson 1839

(railways)

A railway is drawn by a line with cross lines, a convention that is still familiar today. The one line is the:-

London & Southampton Railway

which was partially open in 1839, and became the London and South Western Railway later that year (?). It was opened throughout in 1840. This line is engraved on the old plate, and obscures yet more stuff on the original map.

Hughes 1840

(railways)
The first railways in Hampshire are shown, overprinted in red, named in black engraved text; stations labelled:-

Station

Two railways are shown (remember that the routes are declared and authorised earlier than the date of opening):-

London and Southampton Railway :-
opened 1840; from Surrey near Farnborough, stations at Winchfield, Basingstoke, near Popham ie Micheldever, Winchester, and Southampton.

London & Southwestern Railway

London and Southampton Railway :-
opened 1842; from a junction at Bishopstoke, through Fareham to Gosport; no stations marked.

Gosport Junction Railway

Sheringham 1840s-50s

(railways)
Railways are drawn by a double line with cross lines, and labelled:-

Chichester and Brighton Railway

Southampton and Gosport

Southampton and Brighton Railroad

Sporting Review 1842

(railways)
Railways were very new to Hampshire when this map was published. Two lines are shown:-

London and South Western Railway

ie the London to Southampton line, shown from near where it enters the county to about Bishopstoke. And:-

Gosport Junction Railway

the Bishopstoke to Gosport branch railway.

Collins 1850

(railways)
Railways are drawn by a broad bold line; stations marked by a bold dot. Lines to be built are shown by a double line. The railway might be labelled. The completed railways in the county are:-
London and Southampton Railway, 1840, labelled:-

South Westn. Ry.

Bishopstoke to Gosport branch railway, 1842
Chichester to Portsmouth branch railway, 1847
Eastleigh to Salisbury branch railway, 1847
Southampton and Dorchester Railway, 1847
Berkshire and Hampshire Railway, 1848
Fareham to Cosham branch railway, 1848
Lines in progress are:-
Reading, Guildford and Reigate Railway, 1849, labelled:-

Reading, Guildford, & Reigate Raily.

Farnham to Alton branch railway, 1852
Basingstoke and Salisbury railway, 1857
Portsmouth Railway, 1859, labelled:-

Portsmouth Raily.

Andover and Redbridge Railway, 1865
The map is fairly uptodate with railways.

Unknown 1850s

(railways)
Railways are shown by a bold line overlaying all other features on the map. Stations are marked as:-

Sta.

which is Micheldever Station on the London and Southampton Railway. Some stations are not marked, for instance those at Winchester and Gosport.
A planned route, or one being built, is shown by a bold dashed line, as from Basingstoke to Salisbury.
One of the map's owners has extended the line from Farnham on to Alton, New Alresford and Winchester. Then crossed the last section out and drawn it to join the London and Southampton Railway near Kings Worthy.

Day 1852

(railways)

Railways are shown by a bold solid line, some labelled with a name. The railways shown are:-

SOUTHAMPTON RAILWAY [London and Southampton Railway, 1840]

... [Bishopstoke to Gosport branch railway, 1842]

HANTS & BERKS RAILWAY [Berkshire and Hampshire Railway, 1848]

SALISBURY RAILWAY [from Romsey this is the Eastleigh to Salisbury branch railway, 1847]

DORSETSHIRE RAILWAY [Southampton and Dorchester Railway, 1847]

... [Fareham to Cosham branch railway, 1848]

PORTSMOUTH EXTENSION [Chichester to Portsmouth branch railway, 1847]

The Eastleigh of the Salisbury line, above, is missed out, and a line shown from Romsey to Redbridge. This line was not built until 1865, a part of the Andover and Redbridge Railway. The line to Alton, opened 1852, is not shown. The Basingstoke to Salisbury line was being built, having been authorised in 1846, and is not shown. There may be other planned and/or authorised railways not shown.

Cruchley 1856

(railways)

Railways are added to the map, engraved over and obliterating some original features. They are shown by very bold solid lines with large dots for stations, with equally bold dotted lines for routes 'in progress' which may or may not have happened:-

Routes are labelled in bold upright block caps along the lines, eg:-

SOUTH WESTERN RAILWAY MAIN LINE

for the London and Southampton Railway which had become the London and South Western Railway, LSWR, in 1839. Stations are also labelled in bold upright block caps, eg:-

WINCHESTER STA.

ANDOVER JUN STA.

Tunnels are shown by a double dotted line, the width matching the width of the bold solid line, labelled:-

TUNNEL

for example, north of Micheldever Station.
A thorough analysis of the railways might be interesting. At least one of the lines in progress was never built, that shown from Petersfield to Bishops Waltham.

Philip 1857-1900

(railways)

Railways are drawn by a bold solid line; stations have a small dot and are labelled:-

Sta

except a few named stations, eg:-

Sway Sta

The important junction to the west of Basingstoke is labelled:-

Worting Junction

The bold line of the railway become an unfilled double line where it might interfere with existing labels on the map. Railways will have been added throughout the life of the map's engraved plate. The railways shown are listed below with their original name and date of opening, and their map label if there is one:-

London and Southampton Railway (1840) :-

London & South Western Raily.

Bishopstoke to Gosport branch railway (1842) :-

Chichester to Portsmouth branch railway (1847) :-

Brighton Railway

Eastleigh to Salisbury branch railway (1847) :-

Southampton and Dorchester Railway (1847) :-

London & South Western Raily.

Berkshire and Hampshire Railway (1848) :-

Reading Branch

Fareham to Cosham branch railway (1848) :-

Reading, Guildford and Reigate Railway (1849) :-

Reading & Reigate Raily.

Farnham to Alton branch railway (1852) :-

Alton Branch S.W. Raily.

Basingstoke and Netley railway (1857) :-

Salisbury and Andover Branch

Lymington Railway (1858) :-

Portsmouth Railway (1859) :-

Direct Portsmouth Raily.

Ringwood, Christchurch and Bournemouth Railway (1862) :-

Bishops Waltham Railway (1863) :-

Stokes Bay Railway and Pier Co (1863) :-

Petersfield Railway (1864) :-

Andover and Redbridge Railway (1865) :-

Mid Hants, Alton Lines, Railway (1865) :-

[Alton Branch S.W. Raily.]

Salisbury and Dorset Junction Railway (1866) :-

Hayling Railway (1867) :-

Swindon, Grafton and Marlborough Railway (1882) :-

Didcot, Newbury and Southampton Railway (1885, 1891) :-

Hurstbourne and Fullerton branch railway (1885) :-

Brockenhurst to Christchurch branch railway (1888) :-

Southampton and Netley Railway (1889) :-

Lee-on-the-Solent Light Railway (1894) :-

? :-
branch railway from Fratton to Southsea
This includes railways built up to 1894, and does not include railways opened from 1901 onwards.

Brannon 1859

(railways)

Railways are drawn by a bold smooth line sweeping across the landscape, passing under and over roads. This line is not added over everything else willy-nilly as on some maps; it is part of the original engraving. Some railways are named. The following railways can be recognised (the 'modern' names are the identifying names used in Old Hampshire Gazetteer), date order:-

London and Southampton Railway :-
open as the London and South Western Railway, 1840, labelled:-

SOUTHAMPTON AND LONDON RAILWAY

Bishopstoke to Gosport branch railway :-
open 1842.

Eastleigh to Salisbury branch railway :-
open 1847.

Southampton and Dorchester Railway :-
open 1847.

Berkshire and Hampshire Railway :-
open 1848, labelled:-

BASINGSTOKE AND READING RAILWAY

Chichester to Portsmouth branch railway :-
open 1848, labelled:-

SOUTH COAST RAILWAY

Fareham to Cosham branch railway :-
open 1848.

Reading, Guildford and Reigate Railway :-
open 1849, labelled:-

READING AND REIGATE RAILWAY

Farnham to Alton branch railway :-
open 1852, labelled:-

ALTON BRANCH

Basingstoke and Salisbury Railway :-
open 1857.

Lymington Railway :-
open 1858.

Portsmouth Railway :-
open 1859, labelled:-

PORTSMOUTH DIRECT RAILWAY

Andover and Redbridge Railway :-
open 1865, authorised 1858, labelled:-

REDBRIDGE AND ANDOVER RAILWAY (late Andover Canal)

still drawn as the canal.

... :-
outwith Hampshire; Reading, Newbury, Hungerford; labelled:-

BERKS AND HANTS OR GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY

... :-
outwith Hampshire; London to Bristol line through Reading; labelled:-

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY

Cassell, Petter and Galpin 1860s

(railways)
Railways are the subject of the maps. Railways are drawn by a double line with cross lines; some lines are in broken stretches, presumably lines still being built. Lines are labelled. Stations are marked by a spot, generally labelled:-

Sta.

Lines shown in Hampshire are listed below (lines outwith the county ignored). Some are shown on separate sheets, and labelled more than once. The railways are listed under their original name; the labelling reflects the way the various routes were considered by the LSWR at this later date.

London and Southampton Railway :-
1840

LONDON & SOUTH WESTERN RAILWAY

SOUTH WESTERN RAILWAY / LONDON & SOUTHAMPTON BRANCH

Bishopstoke to Gosport branch railway :-
1842

GOSPORT JUNCTION RAILWAY

PORTSMOUTH BRANCH

Chichester to Portsmouth branch railway :-
1847

PORTSMOUTH, CHICHESTER & BRIGHTON RAILWAY

Eastleigh to Salisbury branch railway :-
1847

SALISBURY BRANCH RAILWAY

Southampton and Dorchester Railway :-
1847

SOUTHAMPTON & DORCHESTER RAILWAY

LONDON & SOUTH WESTERN RAILWAY / SOUTHAMPTON & DORCHESTER BRANCH

Berkshire and Hampshire Railway :-
1848. Great Western Railway.

BASINGSTOKE & READING BRANCH

Fareham to Cosham branch railway :-
1848 Labelled on Gosport branch part.

PORTSMOUTH BRANCH

Reading, Guildford and Reigate Railway :-
1849.

SOUTH EASTERN RAILY. READING & REIGATE BRANCH

Farnham to Alton branch railway :-
1852

SOUTH WESTERN RAILWAY. ALTON BRANCH

Basingstoke and Salisbury Railway :-
1857

ANDOVER & SALISBURY BRANCH

Lymington Railway :-
1858. Unlabelled branch from outside Brockenhurst, to Lymington

Ringwood, Christchurch and Bournemouth Railway :-
1862. Only as far as Christchurch, unlabelled.

Stokes Bay Railway and Pier Co :-
1863. Unlabelled branch from outside Gosport to Stokes Bay.

Bishops Waltham Railway :-
Dotted line, unlabelled, from a junction at Botley, through Bishops Waltham. Opened 1863.

Andover and Redbridge Railway :-
Dotted line, unlabelled, from Redbridge through Romsey running north; not shown at Andover. Opened 1865.

Mid Hants, Alton Lines, Railway :-
Dotted line, unlabelled, from a junction near Headbourn Worthy, running east. Dotted line running south west from Alton. Opened 1865.

Salisbury and Dorset Junction Railway :-
Dotted line, unlabelled, from junction west of Salisbury, running south. Opened 1866.
The railways shown suggest a date for the map about 1863.

Raynbird c1860

(railways)

Railways are drawn by a line with cross lines. Some are labelled. Stations are mostly taken for granted, but notice:-

Dock Sta.

at Southampton. Not all tunnels are noticed, but the two N of Winchester are labelled:-

tunnel

written across the line, which is not hidden or dotted.
The railways shown are:-

SOUTH WESTERN RY. [London and Southampton Railway, 1840]

SALISBURY AND EXETER BRANCH [Basingstoke and Salisbury Railway, 1857]

GOSPORT JUNCTION RAILWAY [Bishopstoke to Gosport branch railway, 1842]

SOUTHAMPTON AND DORCHESTER RAILWAY [Southampton and Dorchester Railway, 1847]

... [Eastleigh to Salisbury branch railway, 1847]

... [Portsmouth Railway, 1859]

... [Farnham to Alton branch railway, 1852]

... [Fareham to Cosham branch railway, 1848]

... [Chichester to Portsmouth branch railway, 1847]

which suggests a date for the map about 1860.

Reynolds 1860

(railways)

Railways are drawn by bold lines. Stations are marked by a bold rectangular spot. These are more prominent than is necessary for a gelogical map; but it must be remembered that the geology is added to an existing map that specifically advertised its coverage of roads and railways.
Lines under construction are meant to be shown by a double line; the bold line without its fill. This is according to the table of symbols. In practice the lines in progress seem to be alternately filled/unfilled lines, for example around Whitchurch.

Unknown 1860s

(railways)
Railways are drawn by a bold line with cross lines, the same convention used by the OS Old Series maps.. The line might be labelled, eg:-

London & Southampton Raily.

The destination of lines outwith the county might be labelled, eg:-

To Reigate

from Salisbury

To Reading

Dispatch 1863

(railways)
Railways are drawn by a double line with cross lines. Many lines are labelled, eg:-

London and South Western Railway

Gosport & Portsmouth Branch

A black rectangle on the line marks a:-

Statn.

Ramsay 1866

(railways)
Railways are drawn by a line with cross lines.

Hughes 1868

(railways)
Railways are a clear feature of this map. Some are labelled with their name, eg:-

L. & S. W. Raily.

And, like the roads, are labelled at the edges of the sheet with a destination, eg:-

To London

L. & S. W. Railwy. (from Dorchester)

Direct Portsmth. Raily. (to London)

Stations are marked with a dot by the line, and labelled:-

St.

One station, distant from any settlement, is labelled more:-

Beaulieu Rd. Stn.

Black 1870s

(railways)
Railways are marked by a bold line. Cross lines are used to mark the position of a station, as explained in the table of symbols. Hampshire has no lines 'in progress'. In Hampshire the following lines can be recognised, in date order:-

London and Southampton Railway, 1840

Bishopstoke to Gosport branch railway 1842

Chichester to Portsmouth branch railway 1847

Southampton and Dorchester Railway 1847

Berkshire and Hampshire Railway 1848

Reading, Guildford and Reigate Railway 1849

Farnham to Alton branch railway 1852

Basingstoke and Salisbury Railway 1857

Lymington Railway 1858

Portsmouth Railway 1859

Bishops Waltham Railway 1863

Petersfield Railway 1864

Andover and Redbridge Railway 1865

Mid Hants, Alton Lines, Railway 1865

Salisbury and Dorset Junction Railway 1866

Southampton and Netley Railway 1866 (NOT the extension to Fareham 1889)

Ringwood, Christchurch and Bournemouth Railway 1862 and 1870

The names are those used in the directory of railways in the Old Hampshire Gazetteer, with the dates of opening.
The Hayling Railway 1867 and Stokes Bay Railway 1863 are missing, otherwise all railways up to 1870 are shown. The Didcot, Swindon and Southampton Railway, authorised in 1873, is not shown as a line in progress. Allowing for mistakes it seems the map dates from the period 1870-75.

Weller 1870s

(railways)
Railways are drawn by a chequered double line.

Kelly 1875

(railways)

Railways are drawn by a bold line. From the way the engraving overruns existing place names, etc, though the line is modified not to obscure these labels, it could be that railways have been added to an earlier engraved plate. Stations are marked by a dot and labelled:-

STA

The railways shown in Hampshire are:-

London and Southampton Railway :-
1840

LONDON & SOUTH WESTERN RAIL

Bishopstoke to Gosport branch railway :-
1842

Chichester to Portsmouth branch railway :-
1847

BRIGHTON & CHICHESTER RAILWAY

Eastleigh to Salisbury branch railway :-
1847

SALISBURY RAILWAY

Southampton and Dorchester Railway :-
1847

SOUTHAMPTON & DORCHESTER RAILWAY

Berkshire and Hampshire Railway :-
1848

BERKS AND HANTS RAILWAY

Fareham to Cosham branch railway :-
1848

Reading Guildford and Reigate Railway :-
1849

READING AND GUILDFORD RAILWAY

Farnham to Alton branch railway :-
1852

Basingstoke and Salisbury Railway :-
1857

Lymington Railway :-
1858

Portsmouth Railway :-
1859

Ringwood, Christchurch and Bournemouth Railway :-
1862

Bishops Waltham Railway :-
1863

Stokes Bay railway and Pier Company :-
1863; the pier is drawn and labelled

Pier

Petersfield Railway :-
1864

Andover and Redbridge Railway :-
1865

Mid Hants, Alton Lines, Railway :-
1865

Salisbury and Dorset Junction Railway :-
1866

Southampton and Netley Railway :-
1866; not as extended to Fareham (1886)

Hayling Railway :-
1867
There is no hint of the Didcot, Newbury and Southampton Railway or Swindon, Grafton and Marlborough Railway both authorised in 1873.

Letts 1884

(railways)

According to the table of symbols, railways are drawn by a triple line, tinted red. In practice the railways are drawn by a pair of double line, the rails, with cross lines for the sleepers. In places the cross lines have been forgotten; in other places the triple line is used. The red tint is printed out of registration.
Stations are marked by a dot, and labelled, eg:-

Station

Statn.

Sta.

A railway might be labelled, eg:-

London & South Western Ry.

Philip 1886

(railways)
Railways are shown by a bold line, with a line across at stations; railways appear an important feature of the map. Some are labelled with the railway name, eg:-

London & South Western Raily.

and some are labelled outside the county with their destination, eg:-

From Trowbridge &c.

To London

The map includes:-

London and Southampton Railway - 1840

Bishopstoke to Gosport branch railway - 1842

Chichester to Portsmouth branch railway - 1847

Eastleigh to Salisbury branch railway - 1847

Southampton and Dorchester Railway - 1847

Berkshire and Hampshire Railway - 1848

Fareham to Cosham branch railway - 1848

Reading, Guildford and Reigate Railway - 1849

Farnham to Alton branch railway - 1852

Basingstoke and Salisbury Railway - 1857

Lymington Railway - 1858

Portsmouth Railway - 1859

Bishops Waltham Railway - 1863

Stokes Bay Railway - 1863

Petersfield Railway - 1864

Andover and Redbridge Railway - 1865

Mid Hants, Alton Lines, Railway - 1865

Salisbury and Dorset Junction Railway - 1866

Southampton and Netley Railway - 1866

Hayling Railway - 1867

Ringwood, Christchurch and Bournemouth Railway - 1870

Swindon, Grafton and Marlborough Railway - 1883

Didcot, Newbury and Southampton Railway - 1885

Hurstbourne to Fullerton branch railway - 1885

which is uptodate.

Bazaar 1890

(railways)
A few railways are drawn by a double line, slightly broader than that for roads. These are quite well hidden amongst the other stuff on the map, but can be recognised if you know where railways ran. Although the map seems to have been issued about 1890, only two railways are shown in Hampshire:-

London and Southampton Railway :-
coming into the county south of Frimley, going round the north side of Basingstoke, turning southward past Winchester, to Southampton. This is the main LSWR line.

Bishopstoke to Gosport branch railway :-
from the LSWR, passing Botley and Fareham, to Gosport.
Railways appear to be an afterthought; and incomplete afterthought.

Post Office 1890

(railways)

Railways are drawn by bold lines if they are part of the postal system, otherwise by light double lines, and by light dotted lines if they are in still course of construction. The railways (not their companies) shown in use are:-

Andover and Redbridge Railway

Basingstoke and Salisbury Railway

Berkshire and Hampshire Railway

Bishops Waltham Railway

Bishopstoke to Gosport branch railway

Brockenhurst to Christchurch branch railway

Chichester to Portsmouth Railway

Eastleigh to Salisbury branch railway

Fareham to Cosham branch railway

Farnham to Alton branch railway

Hurstbourne to Fullerton branch railway

London and Southampton Railway

Lymington Railway

Mid Hants, Alton Lines, Railway

Portsmouth Railway

Reading, Guildford and Reigate Railway

Ringwood, Christchurch and Bournemouth Railway

Salisbury and Dorset Junction Railway

Southampton and Dorchester Railway

Southampton and Netley Railway

Stokes Bay Railway and Pier

Swindon, Grafton and Marlborough Railway

MacKenzie 1893

(railways)

Railways are drawn by a chequered double line. The network includes the segment from Chesil Station, Winchester, south to join the London to Southampton Railway, which was opened 1891. It does not show the Meon Valley Line or the Basinsgtoke and Alton Light Railway, built in the 1900s.

Fothergill 1900s

(railways)
Railways are drawn by a chequered double line, labelled with the railway company name, eg:-

L.& S.W.R

S.E. & C.R.

Stations are marked by a block, labelled:-

Sta.

Railway bridges over the road are drawn with an archway; under the road no bridge is drawn. Railways for Hampshire are listed below.

Johnston 1900s

(railways)
Railways are clearly drawn by a bold line with cross lines. In Hampshire the lines built up to 1905 can be recognised, but not the line built in 1925.

LSWR 1905

(railways)
The London and South Western Railway, LSWR, dominates the map with a network of bold red lines. Solid lines for existing railways, dotted lines for railways authorised or being constructed. In Hampshire two lines are dotted:- the Bentley to Bordon Light Railway, which opened 1905 and was extended by the Longmoor Military Railway, 1906; and the Totton, Hythe and Fawley Light Railway, which opened 1925.
Note that some routes in the west country are supplemented by coach routes, drawn by a double red line. For example from Tavistock to Liskeard.
Stations are marked by a red dot; labelled in red upright block caps. The lettering size shows the importance of the place, eg:-

WINCHESTER [large]

SOUTHAMPTON [large]

BASINGSTOKE [medium]

WINCHFIELD [small]

At the bottom there is a list of:-

LONDON STATIONS, WATERLOO, LUDGATE VAUXHALL & KENSINGTON.

Pratt 1905

(railways)
Railways are drawn by a bold black line, stations marked by a circular or rectangular dot. Stations not labelled by a settlement name are labelled in italic lowercase text, eg:-

Oakley Sta.

Fleet Sta.

Bacon 1906

(railways)
Railways are drawn by a double line. This has the appearance of being engraved after other features. It sometimes goes under a road, sometimes across, but never over.
Stations, according to the table of symbols, are wherever a locomotive is drawn. (I have not checked the correspondence of symbols and stations).
A tunnel might be shown by the railway disappearing into a portal, appearing again from another.
Some railways are labelled, eg:-

L. & S. W.

Johnson 1907

(railways)
Example:-

... pass under railway bridge ...

OS 1920s Popular Edition

(railways)
The table of symbols provides a whole lots of conventions for representing railway lines, from mainline railways to mineral lines and tramways. Main lines are labelled with the railway company name, perhaps abbreviated. The scale of the maps allows some suggestion, perhaps unrealistic, of detail, eg:-

S.R. Works

showing part of the London and Southampton Railway, the junction with the Bishopstoke to Gosport branch railway, and Eastleigh Works of the London and South Western Railway, LSWR. And more anonymously:-

cutting and embankment drawn by hachures, over bridge and under bridge, ... Stations are marked by a red filled rectangle or circle, an uncoloured circle if disused.

Pike 1946

(railways; relief; altitudes; gradient diagrams; distances from London)
The railway is a bold line up the page: stations clearly marked and labelled in underlined upright block caps, eg:-

WINCHESTER

The distance of each station from London, Waterloo, is given at the side of the map. The time from station to station is also given (one assumes for a non-stop train). For eaxmple Winchester is:-

66 3/4 MILES FROM LONDON

12 MINUTES MICHELDEVER TO WINCHESTER

4 MINUTES

to Shawford.
Features of the line, embankments, cuttings, tunnels, bridges are shown and sometimes labelled, eg:-

deep Cutting

Bridges over

Also notice:-

Railway Works

drawn with a mass of sidings and sheds at Eastleigh.
Altitude figures are given along the line. A gradient diagram shows the altitude of the line as a graph alongside the strip maps. The diagram is annotated, eg:-

LINE LINE FALLS 1:100

LINE RISES STEEPLY 1:80

LINE LEVEL

There are comments about the speed on the journey, eg:-

Speeds: The slight rise in level through Basingstoke does not affect our speed, and we bowl along at 60 m.p.h. increasing on the down gradient through Overton ... ...

railways

1570-1599

1600-1699

1700-1799

1800-1899

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railways

The first railway across Hampshire, the London and Southampton Railway, was being planned early in the 1830s, authorised by Parliament in 1834, opened in part 1838, and completed 1840.

As long as the multiple dates for the 'existence' of a railway are recognised, they can be a useful dating tool for a map. There is a published list of Hampshire railways:-

Norgate, Martin: 2002: Hampshire Railways: Hampshire CC Museums Service

Improved data about railways is on the Old Hampshire Gazetteer website.

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