Map Group KITCHIN & JEFFERYS 1749
Map, Hampshire, scale about 11 miles to 1 inch, by Thomas Kitchin and Thomas Jefferys, 1749, published in the Small English Atlas, London, 1749-85.
A Map of HAMP SHIRE.This is plate 18 from the Small English Atlas.
compass rose
up is N
Printed upper left is a minimal compass rose; circle, lines for cardinal directions, North marked by a fleur de lys, East by a cross. This is little more than a north point. The map is printed with North at the top of the sheet.
scale
English Mileschequered at 2 miles intervals, labelled at 4 miles intervals. The 8 miles = 18.2 mm gives a scale 1 to 707404 assuming a statute mile. The map scale is about:-
1 to 710000
11 miles to 1 inch
Printed in the map borders are scales of latitude and longitude for a rectangular projection; chequered in 2 minute intervals, labelled at 10 minute intervals. The ratio of the length of a minute of latitude to a minute of longitude is about 1.60, matching the 'correct' figure for this latitude, 1.58, fairly well.
Approximately the:-
longitude, Winchester = 1d 11m WTrusting this, the prime meridian is London, well west of Greenwich. The map includes from 0d 36m to 1d 54m W, 50d 3m to 51d 22m N; Hampshire and the Isle of Wight.
sea plain
ENGLISH CHANNEL
Spit Head
coast form lines
headlands
harbours
The coast line is emphasized by form lines which extend into harbours and river estuaries. A headland might be noticed, eg:-
Hengitsbury Hd. [sic]Harbours are recognisable, but not labelled. The crowded form lines in the harbours suggest several islands.
castles
Hurst Ca.
Calshot Cast.
bridges
Rivers are drawn by a double line, with form lines where there is room, tapering to a single wiggly line inland. Most of Hampshire's river systems are represented; the Blackwater on the NE boundary seems to have been missed. Accuracy is not all it could be - indeed the whole map feels a little sloppy.
Some bridges are marked by a double line across a river, for example at Redbridge where the bridge over the Test is clearly marked, but not linked to any road. The road is drawn just below, broken by the river. In other places it might be assumed that a road crossing a river implies a bridge. The engraving is very sloppy, a road might be shown 'under' or 'over' a river.
hillocks
There are a few hillocks in the New Forest to suggest relief. In the hillier parts of Hampshire, except for two hillocks near Beauworth, there is no indication of relief.
forests
trees
New ForestElsewhere there is no indication of woodland.
The county boundary is a dashed line, heavily shaded on the outer side. The area outwith Hampshire is pecked, to throw the county into relief. Dotted lines divide adjacent counties, which are labelled, eg:-
P. OF DORSET SH.The detached part of Hampshire in Sussex is not shown.
Outside the county, Pool, Salisbury, Farnham and Chichester are shown for the sake of continuity of roads. Pool lies outside the latitude scale in the map border; it was not planned for. The way these places are added to the plot is symptomatic of the poor quality of the map.
Hundred boundaries are dotted lines. The areas are not labelled or numbered.
electoral data
distances from London
WINCHESTER / 67 [2 stars]
Odiham
Southampton / 78 [2 stars]
Stockbridge [2 stars]
hamlet
Ropley
M Wallop
road distances
A network of roads is drawn by double lines. It is not very clear, but main roads, perhaps turnpike roads, are distinguished by having one line bold. The quality of the engraving is poor; the double line width varies, line weight varies, junctions are a mess, ... Distances from town to town are sometimes indicated by a figure along the road; for example, Alton to Alresford has a '9'.
Some roads are extended outwith the county to a significant town, eg:- Chichester, Farnham, Salisbury, or Poole. Some other roads have their destination labelled, eg:-
29 to Staines
20 M to GodalmingThese labels are well inside the county boundary.
from London; through Staines, Middlesex; and across Surrey; 29 miles (from Staines) via Blackwater, Hartley Row, to Basingstoke, 11 via Laverstoke to Whitchurch, 7 to Andover,then via Amport and Quarley, Hampshire; 17 miles to Salisbury, Wiltshire; and west.
branch from Basingstoke, through Cranburn, Sutton [Scotney], Cranley, Stockbridge, Broughton, East Dean, Hampshire; then [Lopton Corner] and Salisbury, Wiltshire; etc.
from London; through farnham, Surrey; 9 miles to Alton, 9 to Alresford, 7 to Winchester, 16 1/2 to Southampton, Hampshire.
branch from Winchester, 17 1/2 miles via Hursley, Rumsey, Persuite, Wellow, Bonner to Ringwood, Hampshire; [17] miles via Preston to Pool, Dorset.
from London; through Godalming, Surrey; 20 miles via Lippock to Petersfield, Harnden, 8 to Cosham, to Portsmouth, Hampshire.
Alton
Andover
Basingstoke
Waltham
Christ Church
Farham
Fording Bridge
Gosport
Havant
Kingsclear
Lymington
Alresford
Odiam
Petersfield
Portsmouth
Ringwood
Rumsey
Southampton
Stockbridge
Whitchurch
Winchester
This COUNTY contains 1 City, 11 Boroughs, 9 Market Towns.
Alresford, Mt. Th. Fair June 24.
Andover, Sends 2 Memb. Mt. S. Fairs Midlent Sa. May 12. Nov 16.
Basingstoke, Mt. W. Fairs Wed, in Whitsun. Week, Oct. 10.
Christchurch, Sends 2 Memb. Mt. M. Fairs Trin. Thursd. Oct. 19.
Fareham, Mt. W. Fair July 29
Gosport, Mt. Th. Fairs May 4. Oct. 10.
Kingsclear, Mt. T. Fairs 1st. Tu. in Apl. 1st. Tu Aft. Old Michaelm. Oct 10.
Lymington, Sends 2 Memb. Mt. S. Fairs May 12. Oct. 13.
Newport, Sends 2 Memb. Mt. W. Sat. Fair Whit Monday.
Newton, Sends 2 Mem. Fair July 22.
Odiham Mt. S. Fairs Midlent Sat. Jul. 13.
Overton Mt. M. Fairs May 4. Jul. 18. October 22.
Petersfield, Se. 2 Me. Mt. S. Frs. Jul 10. Dec 11.
Portsmouth, Sends 2 Memb. Mt. Th. S. Fair July 10.
Ringwood, Mt. W. Fairs July 10. Dec 11.
Rumsey, Mt. S. Frs. Eas. M. Aug. 26. No.8.
Southampton, Sends 2 Mem. Mt. T. Th. Sat. Fairs April 25.
Stockbridge, Sends 2 Members. Fairs Holy Th. July 10. Octob. 7.
Whitchurch, Sends 2 Memb. Mt. F. Fairs Ap 23 June 20 July 7. Oct 10.
WINCHESTER, Sends 2 Memb. Mt. W. S. Fairs 1st. Mon. in Lent. Oct. 24.
Yarmouth. Sen. 2 Mem. Mt. F. Fair July 25.
Published in 'The Small English Atlas being a New and Accurate Sett Of Maps of all the Counties of England and Wales London, Publish'd according to Act of Parliamt. by Messrs. Kitchin & Jefferys 1749. and Sold by M Payne at the White Hart and M. Cooper at the Globe in Paternoster Row.'
Published in another edition '... London Publish'd according to Act of Parliamt. by Messrs Kitchin & Jefferys 1751, and sold by Thos. Jefferys Geographer to his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales at the corner of St. Martins Lane, Charing Cross, by Mr George Faulkner in Essex Street, Dublin. A Paris chez le Sr. le Rouge Ingenieur Geographe du Roy de France.'
Published in 'The Small English Atlas ... By T Jefferys, Geor. to the King, and Thos. Kitchin Senr. London: Printed for Robert Sayer and John Bennett, No.53 Fleet Street, John Bowles, No.13 in Cornhill, and Carington Bowles, No.69 in St. Pauls Church Yard.' about 1775.
Published in 'An English Atlas Or A Concise View Of England And Wales; Divided into Counties, and its Subdivisions into Hundreds &c. Describing Their Situation, Extent, Boundaries, Circumference, Soil, Product, Chief Rivers and the Principal Great and Bye-Roads; with a Chart of the Distances between the Cities and Chief Towns. Together with A Description of the Situation of the most Venerable Antiquities whether Ruins of Castles, Palaces, or Monasteries, as well as the most Remarkable Houses, Plantations, &c. Pointing out every Delightful Scene of extensive Prospect, and Curiosities of Art and Nature worthy a Travellers Notice. On Fifty Two Copper Plates. Published as the Act directs 1 Augt. 1776. London. Printed for Robt. Sayer, and Jno. Bennett, Map and Printsellers, No.53, in Fleet Street.'
Published in 'An English Atlas Or A Concise View of England and Wales; ... Published as the Act directs. 1 Augt. 1787. London. Printed for Robt. Sayer, No.53, in Fleet Street.'
Published in further editions, by Sayer's successors, Robert Laurie and James Whittle, about 1794 and 1796.
