notes Luffman 1803

	Research Notes Map Group LUFFMAN1803

Luffman 1803
	Map, Hampshire, scale about 36 miles to 1 inch, by John Luffman, 28 Little Bell Alley, Coleman Street, London, 1803; published 1803-06 in Luffman's Atlas of England & Wales.
	Plate 14 in John Luffman's county atlas is an uncoloured engraving, Hampshire, about 37 miles to 1 inch. the map is drawn inside a circle with a double border line. The map size is: wxh, sheet = 9.5x16cm; diam, map = 61mm. The example studied is in a private collection.
	Two preface pages from the Atlas are in the Map collection of Hampshire Cc Museums Service, item HMCMS:FA1998.19.4.

	MAP FEATURES - HAMPSHIRE MAP
	HAMPSHIRE TOWNS
	LUFFMAN'S ATLAS OF ENGLAND & WALES 1803 & 1806
	MAP FEATURES - ENGLAND & WALES MAP
	REFERENCES
	ITEMS in the Collection
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MAP FEATURES	- HAMPSHIRE MAP
title map maker	Printed in a curved title cartouche between the inner and outer map borders, upper centre, is:- HAMPSHIRE. Printed at the bottom:- Sold by J. Luffman, 28, Little Bell Alley, Coleman Street, London.
orientation north point up is N	Printed upper centre is a north point; N-S line, small E-W line, North marked by an arrow head and arrow feathers at the South. The map is printed with North at the top of the sheet.
scale line scale	Printed in a curved cartouche fitted between the two map borders is a:- scale of 10 miles. chequered at 5 mile intervals. The scale line is curved! The best estimate of its length is 10 miles = 6.9 mm, giving a scale 1 to 2332383 assuming a statute mile. The map scale is about:- 1 to 2300000 37 miles to 1 inch
table of symbols	Printed in the preface pages is an explanation:- Cities are described in this work as [double circle] BATH [upright block caps] Boroughs ... ... ... [double circle] Bedford [upright lowercase text] Towns & Villages ... [circle] Pulhely [italic lowercase text]
sea area sea plain	The sea area is plain, labelled:- ENGLISH CHANNEL
coast line coast form lines	The coast line is emphasised by a form line, if you look closely on this tiny map. While t possible to recognise the coastal topography, it is not well drawn, even allowing for the small size. The Solent, Spithead and Southampton Water are shown; Portsmouth Harbour is misshapen; Portsea Island is not detached from the mainland; Hayling and Thorney islands are poorly drawn. The river estuaries along the east coast of Southampton Water are very schematic.
rivers	Rivers are not shown, but estuaries on the coast hint at [slightly too many] streams.
relief	No relief is indicated.
county	The county boundary is a dotted line, also used to divide adjacent counties. Adjacent counties are labelled, eg:- Dorsetshire WILTSHIRE Dorset is in lowercase because space is tight.
settlements	Settlements are positioned by a circle or double circle, differentiated by style of labelling.
city	double circle; labelled in upright block caps:- WINCHESTER

town	double circle for borough towns; labelled in upright lowercase text, eg:- Southampton Petersfield circle for market towns; labelled in italic lowercase text, eg:- Alton Fareham Hampshire towns are listed below.

roads	roads are drawn by a network of double lines. The atlas declares these to be the great post roads.
Descriptive Text	The lower part of the page gives the basic geography of the county:-
	HAMPSHIRE is somewhat more than 60 miles in length from north to south, and about 34 in breadth from east to west. It is divided into 39 hundreds, which contain 1 city, 19 market towns, 253 parishes, and 39,257 houses. Its population amounts to 219,256.
	It is one of the most fertile counties in England, and produces corn, hops, cattle, sheep, hogs, and timber: for the latter it is particularly famous, on account of its large forests, the principal of which are the New Forest, and that of East Bere. the manufactures are woollen cloths and kerseys. The chief rivers are the Avon, the Test, the Itchin, and the Stour.
	A cartouche between the map borders on the right declares:-
	Winchester Co. Town 65 miles from London.
	And a cartouche between the map borders on the left has:-
	Sends 26 Members to Parlmt.
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HAMPSHIRE	TOWNS
	The following of the '21' Hampshire towns are shown:-
	Alton
	Andover
	Basingstoke
	-
	Christ Church
	Fareham
	-
	Gosport
	Havant
	Kingsclere
	Lymington
	Alresford
	Odiham
	Petersfield
	Portsmouth
	Ringwood
	Rumsey
	Southampton
	Stockbridge
	Whitchurch
	Winchester
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LUFFMAN'S ATLAS	OF ENGLAND & WALES 1803 & 1806
	The atlases studied are in the collections at the Map Room, British Library, items Maps 1.a.4 and Maps 24.aa.17. The atlas size is: wxh = 10.5x16.5cm.
	Atlas Pages
	The atlas has title page, preface and explanation, general map of England and Wales, a series of county maps with descriptive texts, and an index map.
	Title Page
	'A NEW POCKET ATLAS AND GEOGRAPHY OF ENGLAND AND WALES, Illustrated with Fifty-five Copper plates. Shewing all the Great Post Roads with the Towns & Villages situated thereon: Also, A description of the Air, Soil, Productions and Manufactures as well as the number of Hundreds, Cities, Boroughs, Market-towns, Parishes, Houses & Inhabitants. By JOHN LUFFMAN, Geogr. London.
	In the 1803 edition:- Engraved, Printed & Published by J. LUFFMAN, No.28, Little Bell Alley, Coleman Street, 1803.'
	In the 1806 edition:- London. Printed for Lackington, Allen and Co. Temple of the Muses Finsbury Square. 1806
	Preface
	The preparatory pages read:-
	PREFACE.
	GEOGRAPHY, although a Science both useful and entertaining, and absolutely necessary as a Preparatory to the reading of ancient and modern History, is but too often neglected in the education of our Youth.
	A knowledge of Geography of our own Country, in particular, must be obvious to everyone.
	With a view to this Part of juvenile Education, I have been induced to offer to the Public the following Sheets, elucidated by Maps, that will at once make the Pupil acquainted, not only with the Form and Situation, but with every Particular relative to each County. The number of Houses, and the Population, is abstracted from the Census taken by order of Government in the Years 1801 and 1802, and printed for the use of the Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The Index Map is added in order to shew the relative position of one County with another, and their Situation by Compass from London.
	Every Effort has been made to unite Elegance with Utility, and to render this Work equally acceptable to the Traveller and the Student.
	JOHN LUFFMAN.
	March, 1803.
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MAP FEATURES	- ENGLAND & WALES MAP
	At the beginning of John Luffman's atlas there is a general map, an uncoloured engraving, England, which includes Wales. The map is a simple outline map.
	The map size is approximately: wxh, map = 176x168mm.
	These notes have a strong bias towards Hampshire interest.
title map maker	Printed at the top is:- ENGLAND. Printed at the bottom:- Publish'd Oct. 1. 1803, by J. Luffman, No.28 Little Bell Alley, Coleman Street, London.
orientation compass rose up is N rhumb lines	Rhumb lines are printed over the whole map, land and sea, centred on London, to show where each county and county town lies with respect to the capital. The lines are labelled in turn:- North / N by E. / N.N.E. / N.E by N. / N.E. / N.E. by E. / E.N.E. E by N. / East / ... The map is printed with North at the top of the sheet.
lat and long scales	Printed in the map borders are scales of latitude and longitude for a trapezoid projection; chequered at 10 minute intervals, labelled at degrees. The map includes form 3d 10m E to 7d 30m W, from 49d 50m to 56d 10m N; the whole of England and Wales, plus a corner of France, east side of Ireland, and part of southern Scotland. The N-S rhumb line through London is also labelled:- Meridian of London and the bottom scale of longitude labelled:- Longitude West / Longitude East either side of zero. The prime meridian is through central London, possibly based on St Paul's Cathedral. The E-W rhumb line through London is also labelled:- Parallel of London
table of symbols	Printed upper right is an:- Explanation. Cities are thus described [bold dot, and circle] LONDON [upright block caps] Cities being also County Towns [bold dot, and circle, plus upward line] LINCOLN [upright block caps] County Towns ... [bold dot] Maidstone [upright lowercase text] towns ... [circle] Ipswich [italic lowercase text] The figures annexed to places as BATH 9 shew their rank in the Population and those without figures have a population under Seven Thousand each. The Compass shews the bearings of places from London.
sea area sea plain	The sea area is plain, with some areas labelled, eg:- ENGLISH CHANNEL
coast line coast form lines	The coast line is emphasised by form lines.
county	County boundaries are dotted lines. Each county area is labelled, eg:- Hampshire Dorsetshire
settlements	Settlements are positioned by a dot or circle, etc; further differentiated by style of labelling. In Hampshire there is:-
city	double circle and spike as it is the county town; labelled in upright block caps:- WINCHESTER A rank for Winchester is not given.

town	circle; labelled in italic lowercase text,:- Southampton / 55
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REFERENCES
	Luffman, John: 1803: New Pocket Atlas and Geography of England and Wales: (London)
	Luffman, John: 1806: New Pocket Atlas and Geography of England and Wales: Lackington, Allen and Co (London)

ITEMS	in HMCMS Map Collection and Private Collections (scanned item in bold)
	HMCMS:FA1998.19 -- descriptive text
	private collection (41) -- atlas
	private collection (41_0) -- map
	private collection (41_14) -- map
	private collection (44) -- map
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