notes Pinnock 1821

	Research Notes Map Group PINNOCK 1821

Pinnock 1821
	Map, Hampshire, scale about 10.5 miles to 1 inch, by Pinnock? engraved by Neele and Son, London, published by G and W B Whittaker, Ave Maria Lane, London, about 1821.

	Pinnock's Map of Hampshire was first published by Pinnock and Maunder with the History and Topography of Hampshire in Pinnock's County Histories series, 1821. The map studied is in the Map Collection of Hampshire CC Museums Service, item HMCMS:FA1999.125.1
	The map size is: wxh, sheet = 13.5x18cm; wxh, map = 127x160mm.
	Published again in 'Pinnock's History and Topography of England and Wales. in six volumes ... London: Printed for Geo. B Whittaker, Ave-Maria Lane, 1825.'
	The atlas size is 3 1/4 x 5 3/8 ins.

	MAP FEATURES
	REFERENCES
	ITEMS in the Collection

MAP FEATURES
title cartouche map maker	Printed upper left is a shaded title cartouche:- HAMPSHIRE At the bottom of the map is:- Neele & Son, sc. 352, Strand Who drew the map is not given.
orientation compass rose up is N	Printed lower right is a compass rose; star points for the cardinal and half cardinal points, lines for the false points, North marked by a sort of arrowhead. The map is printed with North at the top of the sheet.
scale line scale	Printed upper left below the title is a:- Scale of Statute Miles chequered in miles up to 5 miles then at 5 mile intervals. The length 10 miles = 24.2mm giving a scale 1 to 665018, ie the map scale is about:- 1 to 670000 10 miles to 1 inch
sea area sea plain	The sea area is plain; some sea areas are labelled:- ENGLISH CHANNEL Christchurch Bay SPITHEAD Southampton water
coast line coast form lines harbours	The coast is drawn with form lines which extend into harbours and river mouths. One harbour is noticed:- Por. Har.
coastal defence castles	Drawn with a tower with a flag, which is hidden in the engraving of coast line and shading, is:- Hurst Cas The only other castle noticed is:- Calshot Cast
rivers	Rivers are shown by wiggly lines tapering upstream. Some braiding is suggested in a limited way. Some rivers are labelled, eg:- Avon R. Beauley R. Itching R. Test R. The Itchen ends at Winchester; the Test doesn't reach Whitchurch; the Enborne is missing; etc. It's not a well planned selection even tho' it is for a small map.
relief	Relief is not shown.
woods	Woods are not shown.
parks	Parks are shown by a ring of fence palings, just little upright lines, round a stippled area. The shape and size of these areas vary, perhaps trying to be realistic. Some are labelled:- Husborn Park Heckfield Pa. Southwick P.
county	The county boundary is a dash dot line, which is used to separate adjacent counties as well. The contiguous counties are labelled, eg:- WILTSHIRE
settlements	Settlements are marked by a circle, graded for size. In a later edition of the map this is partly explained in a table of symbols.
city	double circle, upright block caps, eg:- WINCHESTER / 63 The symbol has a cross (+) above it. The 63 in a circle is the distance from London.

town	circle, upright lowercase, eg:- Andover

village	small circle, italic lowercase, eg:- Botley The allocation of text style and circle size is not too careful. A couple of other towns a have double circles, Kingsclere and Basingstoke; at least one village has upright text, Hambledon.

roads turnpike roads post roads distances from London distances from start	Roads are drawn with a double line; grading is explained in a table of symbols in a later edition. In this edition turnpike roads have a double continuous line; mail coach routes have the line on one side bolder; other roads are dotted - which does not imply an unfenced road as in other maps. Roads out of the county from the capital are labelled:- to London Some other roads out of county are extended to the next place, marked and labelled. As a help, a section of the Great West Road, Reading to Hungerford, is drawn in Berkshire to the north of Hampshire. At least on road junction is labelled:- Lapcombe Corner Distances from London are given along the direct roads; and distances from start along principal cross roads. The distance figure is emphasized by a circle around it at towns, sometimes, but not always.
canals	Some canals are drawn by a curvy bold line, none labelled:-
Basingstoke Canal	from Basingstoke to the Surrey border; and showing the branch to Turgis which was never cut.

Andover Canal	from Little Ann to Redbridge.

Salisbury and Southampton Canal	from the Wiltshire border to join the Andover Canal; and from the end of that canal at redbridge to Southampton.
	On the later edition of the map there are labels for the Basingstoke Canal and Salisbury Canal. The Andover Canal is not on the later edition.
miscellaneous
inns	The Leckford Hut appears, labelled:- Ludford Hut also, at Popham Lane:- Wheatsheaf etc?
LATER EDITION
	A later edition of Pinnock's Hampshire has the map somewhat improved:-
imprint	At the bottom is added:- Published by G. & W. B. Whittaker, Ave-Maria lane. 1821.
table of symbols	The map now has a table of symbols:- EXPLANATION Cities as ... Market Towns ... Villages ... Mail Coach Roads ... Turnpike Roads ... Gentlemens Seats ... Canals ...
relief	There is still no relief drawn but:- Danebury Hill is labelled as a hill.
woods	Woods are still not drawn but Alice Holt is labelled.
rivers	A river name is added:- R. Bolder
roads	The bold light double line for post roads is replaced by having feathered edges to the double line. Feathering on a dotted line is difficult to see, but the mail coach route to Portsmouth is drawn that way. New roads are drawn and there is possibly some attempt to grade roads by size in the added narrow roads around Steep by Petersfield.
inns	At least one more inn is drawn:- The Hut at Westmeon.
roman roads	A network of roman roads is drawn connecting Silchester, Sarum, Portchester, Winchester and Southampton. These are drawn with a single line, labelled:- Roman Road There, perhaps, rather more roman roads than justified by evidence?
miscellaneous	A miscellany of other features are marked by name or symbol.
antiquities hillforts	circle, labelled:- Danebury Hill / camp for the hill and the hillfort.
abbeys	upright with three cross bars (a complicated cross?) for religious houses, eg:- Priory (by Christchurch) Abbey (at Beaulieu)
castles	There is a new castle symbol, two towers, eg:- Newnham Castle
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REFERENCES
	Pinnock, William: 1825: Pinnock's History and Topography of England and Wales & Pinnock's County Histories (series title): Whittaker, G B (London)
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ITEMS	in HMCMS Map Collection (scanned item in bold)
	HMCMS:B1990.1007.1 -- map
	HMCMS:FA1999.125 -- descriptive text
	HMCMS:FA1999.125.1 -- map
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