Map Group WALLIS 1810
publisher
Printed upper centre is a vertically shaded cartouche:-
HAMPSHIREAt the bottom is:-
London Publish'd by W. Lewis Finch LanePrinted top right is a page number:-
17
compass rose
up is N
Printed lower right is a compass rose; no circle, star points for cardinal and half cardinal directions, North marked by a fleur de lys. The map is printed with North at the top of the page.
scale
Scale of Mileschequered and labelled in 2 miles intervals. The 8 miles = 14.2mm giving a scale 1 to 906673. The map scale is about:-
1 to 960000
14 miles to 1 inch.
Longitude West of Greenw[h].The longitude of Winchester is about 1d 18.2m W.
The map includes roughly 0d 40m to 1d 55m W, 50d 25m to 51d 35m N; the whole of Hampshire and the Isle of Wight. (Remember that these notes mostly ignore the Isle of Wight.)
Printed at the bottom is a panel of:-
Explanation - Cities thus WINCHESTER [upright] County Towns SOUTHAMPTON [italic] Market Towns Rumsey [upright] Villages Hook [italic] Canals [triple line, light bold light] Rivers [wiggly line] Mail Coach Roads [double line, light bold, plus blocks for villages] Turnpike Roads [double line, light bold, plus blocks for villages] The small figures denote the distances of each place from London 76 The stars the number of members each place sends to Parliament [star]The text and symbols are laid out continuously, not tabulated. The symbols for the two classes of roads are identical; this is mistake is discussed in the note about roads, below.
sea tinted
Christchurch B
ENGLISH CHANNEL
SPITHEADThe tint is clearly done fairly crudely at some speed; overlapping the land, missing estuaries, etc. The tint in Portsmouth Harbour is missed completely - on this copy of the map.
harbours
Harbours can be recognised, but are not labelled, except, perhaps:-
Portsmouth Hd
castles
Hurst Castle
Calshot Castleneither marked by a building.
bridges
ponds
R. Test
Beauley River
Itching R.All the major rivers from the coast are shown, with little detail of tributaries. Several of the other river systems are missed, no Rother, Wey, Blackwater, or Enborne. The Bourne, near Tidworth, is shown, which is less usual.
Bridges are implied by roads interrupting rivers. But are generally unlabelled, except by a settlement name, eg:-
Sheet BridgeAt least one pond is drawn in outline, labelled:-
Frensham Pondin Surrey.
forests
Husborn Park
Hackwood Park
Ashley Lodge
DORSET SHIRE [red/pink boundary tint]
WILT SHIRE [green boundary tint]
BERK SHIRE [red/pink boundary tint]and so on. round the county.
distances from London
WINCHESTER / 65
Alton / 48
Lymington / 90There may be one or two stars by a place showing how many members are sent to Parliament. Lymington has two.
The number is the distance from London.
The county town, Southampton, is labelled in italic block caps.
Bictorn
DroxfordThe former has no marker.
Other features use the same lettering.
post roads
turnpike roads
Roads are drawn by double lines, differentiated by width. The broader roads have bold light lines and are the turnpike roads. The mail coach roads have cross hatching, which is missing from the table of symbols. This makes them look like railways to a first glance, until you remember the date of the map and notice the routes.
By the date of this map the 'Ogilby' routes no longer dominate the network, though most are still major roads:- (25, 26, 30, 32, 51 but via Winchester, 53, 81 ,97); some are not shown at all (39, 83). There are other new main routes: direct roads like London to Gosport, from Alton; and cross roads like Winchester to Fareham.
The mail coach routes are:-
(from London) across Surrey; through Blackwater, Hartfordbridge, Basingstoke, Whitchurch, Andover, Hampshire; then Lopcombe Corner to Salisbury, Wiltshire etc.
(from London); across Surrey; across a corner of Hampshire; through Farnham, Surrey; then Alton, New Alresford, Winchester to Southampton, Hampshire. AND then on to Redbridge, Cadnam, Fordingbridge, Hampshire; to Poole, Dorset PLUS a branch from Cadnam to Lyndhurst and Lymington, Hampshire.
(from London) across Surrey; through Liphook, Petersfield, Horndean, to Portsmouth, Hampshire.The destination of roads out of the county is given, eg:-
from Salisbury
to LondonOne road junction is labelled:-
Lapcombe Cornerjust in Wiltshire.
Canals are drawn by a curvy triple line, light bold light, Only the Basingstoke Canal and the Andover to Redbridge Canal are shown, neither labelled.
Wheat Sheafat Popham, and:-
Stag and Houndssomewhere in this area.
Hampshire
Is a marine county, bounded on the E. by Surry and Sussex, on the S. by the British Channel, on the W. by Wiltshire and Dorsetshire, and in the N. by Berkshire. It is divided into 39 hundreds, and 250 parishes; has one city and 20 market-towns; send 24 members to parliament; and is comprehended within the diocese of Winchester. Its chief manufactures are cloth, shalloons, and coarse woollens. According to the Saxon annals, this county was originally called Hamptonscyre. Population, 245,080.
PRINCIPAL TOWNS, WITH THE DISTANCES FROM EACH.
| Alresford - Distant from London | Miles | ||||
| Alton | 10/ Alton | 47 | |||
| Andover | 18/27/ Andover | 65 | |||
| Basingstoke | 13/10/18/ Basingstoke | 46 | |||
| Gosport | 23/30/37/36/ Gosport | 78 | |||
| Lymington | 36/46/40/44/38 / Lymington | 92 | |||
| Newport, I.W. | 42/48/50/59/18/7/ Newport | 97 | |||
| Portsmouth | 28/34/41/45/ 2/37/20/ Portsmouth | 73 | |||
| Southampton | 18/28/26/30/22/18/24/21/ Southampton | 75 | |||
| Yarmouth, I.W. | 42/52/47/51/24/ 7/10/28/25/ Yarmouth | 101 |
PRINCIPAL INNS, RECOMMENDED TO TRAVELLERS AND FAMILIES.
Alton: Swan, for Families; Crown, for Travellers.
Andover: Star and Garter, which is both the post and excise-office.
Basingstoke: Crown, Wheatsheaf.
Gosport: India Arms, Crown.
Lymington: Angel, Bugle.
Newport: Green Dragon, Sun; at both good accomodation.
Portsmouth: George, Blue Posts, Fountain.
Southampton: Coach and Horses, Dolphin, Star.
Yarmouth: Bugle, George.
PRINCIPAL RIVERS
The Itchin, Avon, and Tese are the principal rivers of this county; beside which are several smaller streams. The Itchin, which rises near Alresford, and passing by King's Worthy, Winchester, Twyford, and Bishopstoke, falls into the Southampton-water, about half a mile eastward from that town. It was made navigable from Winchester to Southampton by William the Conqueror. The Avon rises in Wiltshire, and passing through Salisbury, it enters Hampshire at Charford, from hence it runs southward by Ringwood to Christchurch, near which it receives the Stour, a considerable river, from Dorsetshire, and soon after falls into the English Channel, at Christchurch bay. The Tese has its origins in the neighbourhood of Whitchurch, and takes a southerly direction, passing by Stockbridge and Romsey, and receives several small rills from the New Forest, near Redbridge, below which it begins to expand, and so forms the head of the Southampton-water.
The Principal and most Extensive Views are from:-
Portsdown, five miles N. of Portsmouth.
West Lodge, in Bere Forest.
Freshwater, six miles from Yarmouth.
Shanklin Shine.
Ashey Down.
Nunwell Down.
Carisbrook Castle. Dun Nose, on the S.E. coast
Ride and Trimblefield, as well as from Appley-under-Cliff.
PRINCIPAL FAIRS.
Alresford: Holy-Thursday. July 25, Oct.17, sheep, &c.
Alton: Saturday before May 1, sheep and lambs. Sept. 29, cattle and toys.
Andover: Friday and Saturday after Midlent, cheese, horses, and leather. May 13, leather and millinery goods. Nov. 17 and 18, sheep, horses, leather, and cheese.
Basingstoke: Easter-Tuesday, cattle and cheese. Wednesday in Whitsun-week, pedlary. September 23, cattle, &c.
Christchurch: June 13, October 17, horses and bullocks.
Lymington: May 12, Oct. 2, horses, cheese, and bacon.
Newport: Whit-Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday, old horses and toys.
Petersfield: July 10, December 11, sheep and horses.
Portsmouth: July 10, shoemakers, hatters, milliners, &c. cutlers, cabinet-makers, linen and woollen-drapers, silversmith's goods, 14 days.
Southampton: Feb. 17, Decem. 15, May 6, cattle and cheese. Trinity Monday, horses, cattle, and leather.
Winchester: First Monday in Lent, bacon, cheese, leather and horses. October 24, leather, horses, sheep, &c.
Published, plate 17, in 'WALLIS'S New Pocket Edition of the ENGLISH COUNTIES or Travellers Companion in which are carefully laid Down all the DIRECT & CROSS ROADS, CITIES, Townes, Villages, Parks, Seats, and Rivers. with a General Map of England 't Wales / London Published by J. WALLIS Engraver, Berwick St. Soho. and Sold by DAVIES & ELDRIDGE Exeter.' 1810.
Published in 'Sportsmans Almanack' by P Martin, 198 Oxford Street, London, 1819.
Published, plates retouched, in 'Lewis's, New Traveller's Guide, or a Pocket Edition of the English Counties, Containing all the Direct & Cross Roads in England & Wales. With the distance of each principal place from London. London. Publish'd by W. Lewis, No.21, Finch Lane, Cornhill.' 1819.
Published in another edition 'Lewis's New Traveller's Guide, And Panorama of England and Wales. Containing Forty-four Superior maps. London, 1835'.
