Research Notes


Map Group COOKE 1802

Cooke 1802
Map, Hampshire, scale about 19 miles to 1 inch, by George Alexander Cooke, London, 1802-10; published by C Cooke, 17 Paternoster Row, London, 1802. The map studied is in the Library Collection, Hampshire CC Museums Service, item HMCMS:B1990.1796.2. There are other examples of the map in the service's Map Collection.

It is published in the Topographical and Statistical Description of the County of Hants, item HMCMS:B1990.1796.
The map is folded, facing the county's title page.


MAP FEATURES
ROADS/ DISTANCES
PUBLISHING HISTORY
REFERENCES
ITEMS in the Collection

MAP FEATURES
title cartouche    
Printed in the top border is:-
image snip from map
HAMPSHIRE

orientation    
compass rose    
up is N    

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Printed upper left is a compass rose; star points for the cardinal directions, lines for the half cardinal directions, north marked by a fleur de lys. The map is printed with north at the top of the page.

scale line    
scale    

image snip from map
Printed lower left is a scale line:-
Statute Miles
chequered and labelled at 5 mile intervals. 10 miles = 13.4 mm gives a scale 1 to 1201002; the map scale is about
1 to 12000000
19 miles to 1 inch

lat and long scales    
image snip from map
The map borders have latitude and longitude scales; chequered and labelled at 5 minute intervals. The bottom scale is labelled:-
Lnge. W. of Greenwich
The map covers 0d 40m to 1d 50m W, 50d 36m to 51d 25m N. Winchester is about 1 degree 17 minutes West, suggesting either inaccurate plotting or a prime meridian 1-2 minutes west of Greenwich, or perhaps Greenwich.

sea plain    
The sea is plain; some sea areas are labelled, eg:-
ENGLISH CHANNEL
SPITHEAD
Southampton Water
Christchurch Bay

coast line    
coast form lines    
harbours    

image snip from map
The coast is emphasised by form lines.
A harbour might be labelled, eg:-
Port. Ha.

coastal defence    
castles    

Only one of the coastal defence castles is noticed:-
image snip from map
Calshot Cast.
drawn with two towers, a symbol from an earlier period of map making.

rivers    
image snip from map
Rivers are drawn by wiggly lines from their estuary with form lines, then a double line, then single tapering inland. Some rivers are labelled, eg:-
Test R.
Itching R.
Not all the major river systems are shown. The Stour is detached from the Avon; the Bourne near Shipton Bellinger is included - unusual; the Enborne, Blackwater, Rother are all missing.
Bridges are not shown, but are implied by a road interrupting the river it crosses

relief    
No relief is shown on this topographical map.

woods    
forests    

Except for the label:-
NEW FOREST
No wooded areas are noticed.

parks    
image snip from map
Parks are drawn by an outline of paling fence with a position circle inside. The park area is tinted. Some parks are named, eg:-
New Park
Headley Park

county    
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The county boundary is a dashed line, which also separates the adjoining counties. Adjoining counties are labelled, eg:-
WILSTHIRE
The detached part of Hampshire in Sussex is not shown.

hundreds    
table of hundreds    

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Hundred boundaries are dotted lines. The areas are labelled with a number that keys it to a table of:-
HUNDREDS
1 Pastrow
2 Evingar
3 Kingsclear
...
printed lower right.

settlements    
electoral data    
distances from London    

Settlements are shown by groups of blocks on roads, differentiated by labelling style.
city     group of blocks on roads; labelled in upright block caps, eg:-
image snip from map
WINCHESTER

town     groups of blocks on roads; labelled in upright lowercase text, eg:-
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Stockbridge / 67
Fareham / 73
Borough towns have one or two stars attached to show the number of members sent to Parliament, Andover, for example, has two.
Distances of towns from London are given in figures by its name.

village     a block or two by a road; labelled in italic lowercase text, eg:-
image snip from map
Thruxton
Upr. Wallop

miscellaneous    

inns    
An inn or two is noticed, eg:-
image snip from map
Wheat Sheaf
Stag & Hounds
on the road from Basingstoke to Popham.

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ROADS / DISTANCES

roads    
image snip from map
Roads are drawn by double lines. More important roads are drawn wider with one line bold. Diagrams of main roads on the map, and roads in the itineraries in the book, have been drawn. Road distances from London are given by the towns.
Some of the major roads are drawn with blocks, for houses, all along. For example the road from London to Lands End, Blackwater, Basingstoke, Andover, etc.
At least one road junction is named:-
Lapcombe Corner
drawn within the county, though it is not. In the accompanying itinerary in the book this is 'Lopton Corner'.
Destinations of roads outside the county are given, eg:-
from Salisbury
fr. Pool
to Reading
to London
Note that the itineraries show a matching bias to think of the route to, not from, London.
Route diagram:-

Table of Distances

Separate from the map, in the book, is a table of distances, an:-
INDEX OF DISTANCES FROM TOWN TO TOWN, In the County of Hants.
To find the Distance from Alresford to Yarmouth, I.W. see Alresford on the top and Yarmouth, I.W. on the side; cary your sight to the column where both meet, which gives the distance.
The table is arranged with figures in the lower left half table. To avoid the problem of printing place names for the columns vertically, they are printed running right from the main diagonal position. Eg:-
           
    Alresford     57
Alton   10 Alton     47
Andover   18 27 Andover     65
Basingstoke   13 10 18 Basingstoke     46
The distances from London are given in a right column.

Itineraries

The itineraries in the book are headed:-
AN ITINERARY of all the DIRECT AND PRINCIPAL CROSS ROADS IN HAMPSHIRE. In which are included the STAGES, INNS, nad GENTLEMEN'S SEATS. QUOTATION M.B. the first Column contains the Names of Places passed through; the figures that follow them shew the Distances from Place to Place, Town to Town, and Stages; and in the last Column are the names of Gentlement's Seats and Inns. The right and left of the Roads are distinguished by letters R. and L.
It is not clear how much such instructions are necessary because travellers were not used to the layout - surely untrue by this date, or are given because the author thought them helpful. To this modern eye the tabulation is obvious.
An example of the layout is:-

JOURNEY FROM SALISBURY TO BAGSHOT, THROUGH ANDOVER, WHITCHURCH, OVERTON, BASINGSTOKE, AND HARTFORD-BRIDGE.

         
SALISBURY to        
Cross the river        
Bourne.        
Winterslow Hut   6 1/2 6 1/2  
Lopton Corner   1 1/4 7 3/4  
Enter this        
county        
Middle Wallop   2 3/4 10 1/2  
Down Farm   2 3/4 13 1/4  
- - -       Red Rice, H. Errington
Little Ann   2 3/4 16 esq. R. and beyomd it on
Before Ando-       the point of a hill, Dean-
ver, on L. a T.R.       bury Camp.
... ...
It is interesting that the journey is given towards London, not from, which is more usual.
And, thinking over a whole lot of maps, how many ways can you spell Lopcombe Corner.
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PUBLISHING HISTORY
Published in:-
TOPOGRAPHICAL AND STATISTICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE COUNTY OF HANTS. Containing an Account of Situation, Extent, Towns, Roads, Rivers, Lakes, Mines, Minerals, Fisheries, Manufactures, Trade, Commerce, Agriculture, Fairs, Markets, Curiosities, Antiquities, Natural History , Civil and Ecclesiastical Jurisdictions, &c. To which is prefixed, A COPIOUS TRAVELLING GUIDE; Exhibiting The Direct and principal Cross Roads, Inns and Distance of Stages, Noblemen's and Gentlemen's Seats, Forming a COMPLETE COUNTY ITINERARY. Also A LIST OF THE FAIRS; And an Index Table, Shewing, at one View, the Distances of all the Towns from London, and from each other. BY GEORGE ALEXANDER COOKE, Editor of the Universal System of Geography, Illustrated with A MAP OF THE COUNTY.
London: Printed for C. COOKE, No.17, Paternoster Row, by G. Brimmer, Water-lane, Fleet Street, And sold by all the Booksellers in the United Kingdom.
The earlier part of the book is for Berkshire.

Published in one of a series of volumes 'The Modern British Traveller: or, Tourist's Pocket Directory. Being an accurate and comprehensive History and Description of all the Counties in England, Scotland, and Wales; as also the adjacent Islands ... By G. A. Cooke ... illustrated with maps of the Counties, forming a complete British Atlas. London: Printed for C. Cooke, No.17 Paternoster Row, by Brimmer and Co., Upper Mary-le-bone Street, and sold by all the Booksellers in the United Kingdom.' issued volume at a time 1802-10.
Each volume has a heading 'A Copious Travelling Guide; Exhibiting The Direct & principal Cross Roads Inns & Distance of Stages, Noblemen's & Gentlemen's Seats. Forming a Complete County Itinerary'.

Published in an edition about 1822.

Published, perhaps, in an edition about 1830.
The map would have been in '[Topographical and Statistical Description of the County of Hants, containing an account of its Situation, Extent ... Civil and Ecclesiastical Jurisdictions, &c. To which is prefixed a copious Travelling Guide ... forming a Complete County Itinerary. As also a list of the Markets and Fairs ...]' the pattern of the subtitle varied from county to county.

Published again in 'GRAY'S NEW BOOK OF ROADS. THE TRAVELLER'S GUIDE TO THE ROADS OF ENGLAND AND WALES, AND PART OF SCOTLAND, ON AN ENTIRELY NEW PLAN, WHEREBY THE DIFFERENT LINES OF ROUTE LEADING TO ANY REQUIRED POINT OF DISTANCE ARE BROUGHT UNDER NOTICE AT ONE REFERENCE, AND THE VARIATION SHOWN IN THE MARGIN: THE GREAT ROADS, EACH DISTINCTLY GIVEN, IN A CONTINUOUS LINE, FROM ONE EXTREME POINT TO ANOTHER, AND THE CROSS ROADS SO ARRANGED THAT THE ROUTE FROM ANY ONE PART OF THE KINGDOM TO ANOTHER MAY BE TRACED WITH THE GREATEST FACILITY: WITH A VERY COPIOUS GENERAL INDEX, AND SEPARATE LOCAL INDICES TO THE PRINCIPAL TOWNS AND WATERING PLACES: FORMING, ALTOGETHER, A COMPREHENSIVE, USEFUL, AND PERSPICUOUS ITINERARY. BY GEORGE CARRINGTON GRAY. / LONDON: PRINTED FOR SHERWOOD, JONES, AND CO. PATERNOSTER ROW. 1824.'
The 1824 atlas has title page, frontispiece of horsemen paying at a toll gate, adverts, lists of routes etc; its size is 4 1/2 x 5 3/4 ins; the map is now numbered top right.
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REFERENCES
Cooke, George Alexander: 1802 (?): Modern British Traveller & Tourist's Pocket Directory: Cooke, C (London)
Gray, George Carrington: 1824: Gray's New Book of Roads & Tourists and Traveller's Guide to the Roads of England and Wales: Sherwood, Jones and Co (London)
also see:- 
  related map group -- Gray 1824
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ITEMS  in HMCMS Map Collection   (scanned item in bold)

  HMCMS:B1990.1796 -- book
  HMCMS:B1990.1796.2 -- map
  HMCMS:B1999.117.1 -- map
  HMCMS:FA2000.62 -- road book
  HMCMS:FA2000.62.0 -- map
  HMCMS:FA2000.62.41 -- map
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   All Old Hampshire Mapped Resources