notes Morden 1695

Research Notes

Map Group MORDEN 1695

Morden 1695

Map, Hamp Shire, ie Hampshire, scale about 4.5 miles to 1 inch, by Robert Morden, 1695, published 1695-1772.

Published in 'Camden's Britannia, Newly Translated into English ... by Edmund Gibson ... Printed by F. Collins, for A. Swalle... and A. & J. Churchil', London 1695. The map studied in the Map Collection of Hampshire CC Museums Service, item HMCMS:FA1996.33 is from this edition.
The map is plain on the reverse; it is claimed that the maps are uptodate and checked by local gentlemen, the procedure for drawing the 'new' maps is described in a preface; the model for Hampshire is Norden's map.
This county map is one of the earlier maps of Hampshire to show roads.

MAP FEATURES

MORDEN'S ROADS

PUBLISHING HISTORY

ITEMS in the Collection

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MAP FEATURES

title
scroll cartouche
map maker

Printed in a scroll and foliage cartouche top left is:-

HAMPSHIRE / by Robt Morden

lat and long scales
hours from Greenwich

The border of the map is graduated with latitude and longitude scales at 1 minute intervals, numbered at 1 degree and 10 minute intervals.
The top border is labelled with roman figures, giving minutes from London instead of longitude values. Note that 360 degrees = 24 hours; III minutes after London time corresponds to 0 degree 45 minutes W longitude, IV minutes to 1 degree, V minutes to 1 degree 15 minutes, VI minutes to 1 degree 30 minutes.
The London meridian used is through St Paul's Cathedral. Calculations about the lat and long scales lead to the following conclusions:-
Rectangular latitude and longitude scales, but perhaps sheared by 3 degrees W of N.

The 1 degree meridian is aligned 14 degrees west of north.

The ratio lat/long scales is 1.47; the map's horizontal scale is stretched 7 percent.
BUT, Morden probably did not plot places with the lat and long scales. It is more likely that he added the scales to an existing map that he copied. The scales might be a good fit to the existing plot.

scale lines
scale
old english mile

There are two scale lines, each 10 miles divided into miles. The two scales, from the scale lines, are 1 to 197708 and 1 to 216601 using the bad assumption of a modern statute mile. The map scale is about:-

1 to 200000 or 220000

3 or 3.5 miles to 1 inch

A better estimate of the scale can be made from town positions, comparing known town-town distances, using DISTAB.exe. The map scale is about:-

1 to 30000

5 miles to 1 inch

The map maker's miles are an:-

Old English Mile = 1.23 or 1.13 statute miles

index grid

This map has no index grid. Calculations have been made to overlay the National Grid system on the map. For details, and how this grid can be used compare early county maps, and to index places, see:-

Old Hampshire Mapped

By comparing the headings of the towns from the centroids, and averaging, it is calculated that NGR north is -8.5 degrees from map north.

The grid references of the map borders were calculated as:-

bottom left SY907890

top left SU039766

top right TQ047615

bottom right SZ916738

This could be useful to present the map in a GIS system.

coast line
coast shaded
sandbanks
headlands

coast with shading and sandbanks, around Portsea and Hayling Islands

Hengistbury head

is labelled, and

Black cliffe

at the entrance to Christchurch Harbour.

coastal defence
castles

Coastal defence castles are drawn, circle and two towers, and labelled:-

Hurst Cast

Calshot castle

St Andrews

South[ ] cast

rivers
bridges

Rivers are drawn by double or single wiggly line, getting narrower upstream.
image snip from map

Not all crossings of road and river are marked with a bridge; it is not likely that all crossings were by bridge! Besides the crossings indicated on the road descriptions, there are bridges drawn at:-

Amersham

River Rother

Titchfield

River Meon

S of Titchfield

River Meon

Stockbridge

River Test

Beaulieu

Beaulieu River, twin bridges

Fordingbridge

River Avon

If there was a bridge there was likely a road?

relief
hillocks

Little hillocks are drawn, shaded to the eastward, to indicate relief. The hillocks are somewhat grouped. A few hills are named, eg:-

Dunbury hill

Butterhill

beacons

Morden does not show many beacons (compared to Norden's map of 1595-1607 for instance). Three instances have been noticed, the grid references are approximate:-

Selborn Beacon

probably towards the east end of Set Thorn Enclosure; about SZ2799, above the 60m contour;

Barrow Beacons

the beacon was probably on the hill top near Beacons Farm; SU528440, 167m; Steventon & Hampshire
BUT also see Popham Beacons now used as the name for a group of tumuli, not on a hill top, SU525439; Overton, Hampshire
OR Three Barrows, not on a hill top; SU507444; Laverstoke, Hampshire
And an unnamed beacon WNW of Boteley
by Beacon Road and Telegraph Road, West End; approximately SU470138, above 80m contour; West End, Hampshire
Although nameless there is a symbol for this beacon, clearly a post with a ladder leading to a cresset at the top.

woods
forests

Some of the ancient forests are shown by groups of trees. Mostly these are unlabelled, but include Buckholt, Pamber, and East Bere forests and Alice Holt. Labelled is:-

New Forrest

parks

Parks are shown by a ring of palings. Emparkment is formal, a privelege granted by the crown; many of the parks shown on early maps were emparked in the 12th to 14th centuries. Some are labelled, eg:-

New Park

Fremantle park

Barope

the latter is Beaurepaire Park. Most parks are not labelled but can be identified, give a bit of effort.

county

The county boundary is a dotted line. Adjacent counties are labelled, eg:-

PART OF BERKSHIRE

and their boundaries shown for a short way from the Hampshire border. The detached part of Hampshire in West Sussex is shown, labelled:-

Part of Hampshire

hundreds

The hundred boundaries are shown by dotted lines. Beware that some hundreds have detached parts, and some dotted lines do not seem to make sense? but perhaps mark liberties or other areas? Areas are labelled in block caps, eg:-

THORNGATE HUNDRED

WALTHAM HUND

WHORWELL HUNDRED

The colouring of the map is clear and done perhaps not very long ago. The colourist has taken some care in applying different tints to adjacent hundreds boundaries. Only four colours are used for most of the areas; red, green, blue, and yellow. This appears to be quite conscious: in only a couple of places is a fifth colour, pink, used because adjacent areas already have the four colours.

settlements

Settlements are positioned by a circle, and graded by additional elements.

city

..., buildings; labelled in upright lowercase text, eg:-

Winehester

town

circle, tower and other buildings; labelled in upright lowercase text, eg:-

Rumsey

Bishopswaltham

An old place name might be given as well, eg:-

Ringwoode ol Regnum

Winehester Venta Belgarum

Symbols for Christchurch and Romsey are surmounted by a cross.

village

circle, tower; labelled in italic lowercase text, eg:-

Cove

hamlet

crcle, also used to mark any other feature; labelled in italic lowercase text, eg:-

Hook / Chilling

miscellaneous

salterns

On the coast is a rectangular bondary line with small square ponds, salt ponds, labelled:-

Saltsworks

copperas works

A copperas works is shown on the coast west of Christchurch.

Bascomb Coperas house

antiquities

Silchester is drawn as a village and/or park, and is labelled with its old name:-

Silchester ol Vindonum

Antiquities are not really noticed by the map. Winchester is also given an old name:-

Venta Belgarum

as are Ringwood - Regnum, Christchurch - Twinamburn, Broughton - probably wrongly as Brage or Brige.

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MORDEN'S ROADS

roads

This is one of the earlier maps of Hampshire showing roads. Morden's earlier playing card map of the county in 1676 is too small, the roads are too indistinct, to be counted. Only a few principal road routes are shown; all correspond, roughly, to one of the routes in John Ogilby's 'Britannia', published 1675. Not all of Ogilby's choice of routes are marked.

A sketch of Morden's roads has been drawn:-

Route diagram:-

Lists of places that are approximately on each road drawn by Morden are given in separate tables, and the routes related to Ogilby's roads plate number. The places are ordered as if travelling away from London, ie generally south and west.

The road routes do not correspond exactly to Ogilby's routes. For example: Yately is north of the Ogilby road in his plate 25, ie on the right travelling west; on Morden's map Yateley is on the east of the road, ie on the left travelling west. It is quite difficult to know whether Morden's road goes through or near places: it misses too many places!

The diagrams - which are not to any regular scale - indicate which places on Morden's map are on or close to the Morden road line; listed under Ogilby plate numbers for convenience. The layout of the diagrams follows the layout of Ogilby's road maps, ie you travel up the page, generally going away from London: this is slightly disorientating when up is southwards, normally down on a modern map! Places are shown to right and left of the diagram as they would appear to a traveller coming up the page, away from London.

Morden drew a map of England and Wales which includes roads. The Hampshire portion of this has more roads than he includes on the county map, see:-.

private collection (10) -- map

ROAD 25

The road corresponding to Ogilby's plate 25. From the Surrey border near Yately to Andover. Except for missing Hurstbourne Priors and Wooton St Lawrence, this is close to Ogilby's road, part of the route from London to the Lands End.

Up on the page is WSW.


NGR	place on left	place on road	place on right	modern place (ngr)

SU34		continues, roads 26x, 32
		Andover		Andover (SU3645)
		\|
		\|

SU44		\|
		\|	Swampto~	Swampton (SU4150)
	Husborn	\|		Hurstbourne Priors (SU4346)
		cross Bourne Rivulet
		\|
		\|

SU45		\|
		Whitchurch		Whitchurch (SU4647)
		cross River Test

		\|	Frifalke	Freefolk (SU4948)
		\|
		\|

SU55		\|
		\|	Southamton	Southington (SU5049)
		\|	Overton	Overton (SU5149)
		\|	Polhamto~	Polhampton Farm (SU5250)
		cross River Test
		\|	Ash	Ashe (SU5350)
	Deane	\|		Deane (SU5450)
	Churchockly	\|		Oakley (SU5650)
		\|	Hannington	Hannington (SU5355)
		\|
		\|

SU65		\|
	N Okely	\|		North Oakley (SU5354)
		\|	Wotton	Wootton St Lawrence (SU5953)
		\|	Preuet pa	(SU6655)
		Basingstoke		Basingstoke (SU6351)
		cross River Loddon
		\|	Basing	Old Basing (SU6652)
		\|
		\|

SU75		\|
		\|	Skewres	Nately Scures (SU7053)
		cross River Lyde
		Newnham		Newnham (SU7054)
		\|	Rother wick	Rotherwick (SU7156)
	Winchfield	\|		Winchfield (SU7654)
		cross River Whiteadder
		\|
		\|

SU85		\|
	Hertley	\|		Hartley Wintney (SU7656)
		Hertley row		Hartley Row (SU7756)
		cross River Hart
	Herfordbridg	\|		Hartfordbridge (SU7757)
		\|
		\|

SU86		\|
		\|	Eversley	Eversley (SU7861)
	Yateley	\|		Yately (SU8160)
		cross River Blackwater		(SU8161)
		(Surrey)

ROAD 26X

The road roughly corresponding to Ogilby's plate 26. From Andover to the Wiltshire border near Over Wallop. This road does not follow the same route as Ogilby's plate, it is roughly parallel but offset to the SE.

Up on the page is SW


NGR	place on left	place on road	place on right	modern place (ngr)

		(Wiltshire)

SU23		\|
		cross Wallop Brook
		\|	Upwallop	Over Wallop (SU2838)
		Neitherwallop		Nether Wallop (SU3036)
		\|
		\|

SU33		\|
		\|	Dunbury hill	Danebury Hill (SU3237)
		\|
		\|

SU34		\|
	Goodworth Clatford	\|		Goodworth Clatford (SU3642)
		\|	Abbotsanne	Abbotts Ann (SU3342)
		Platford		Upper Clatford (SU3543)
		cross Pillhill Brook
		Andover		Andover (SU3645)
		junction, roads 25, 32

ROAD 30

The road corresponding to Ogilby's plate 30. From the Surrey border near Bramshott to Portsea, with a slight digression into Sussex. This agrees closely with Ogilby's road, part of the route from London to Portsmouth. Morden ends the road at Portsea, whereas Ogilby goes from Hilsea to Kingston to Portsmouth itself.

Up on the page is SW until Peterfield, then S thro to Portsea.


NGR	place on left	place on road	place on right	modern place (ngr)

SZ69
		Portsea		Portsea (SU6300)
		\|
		\|

SU60		\|
		Catcomb		(SU6403)
		Halsey		Hilsea (SU6604)
		bridge creek
	Drayton	\|		Drayton (SU6705)
	Bemond	\|		(SU6503)
		Cosham		Cosham (SU6404)
		\|	Wimering	Wymering (SU6506)
	Walsworth	\|		(SU6407)
	Widley	\|		Widley Farm (SU6606)
		\|	Southwike	Southwick (SU6208)
		\|
		\|

SU61		\|
	Blendworth	\|		Blendworth (SU7113)
		Horndean		Horndean (SU7013)
		\|	Katherington	Catherington (SU6914)
	Chalton	\|		Chalton (SU7315)
		\|
		\|

SU72		\|
	Beriton	\|		Buriton (SU7320)
		\|	Mapledurham	(SU7024)
		cross ? Cridell Stream
		Petersfielde		Petersfield (SU7423)
		junction, road 39
	Sheate	\|		Sheet (SU7524)
		\|	Steepe	Steep (SU7525)
		cross River Rother
		(Sussex)

	SU83	(Sussex)

		Lippock		Liphook (SU8331)
		\|	Bramshott	Bramshott (SU8432)

		(Surrey)

ROAD 32

The road corresponding to Ogilby's plate 32. From Andover to the Wiltshire border near Grately. This is Ogilby's road, part of the route from London to Barstable.

Up on the page is WSW.


NGR	place on left	place on road	place on right	modern place (ngr)

		(Wiltshire)
SU23		\|
		\|	Quarley	Quarley (SU2743)
		Gratley		Grately (SU2741)
		\|
		\|

SU24		\|
		\|	Mankeston	Monxton (SU3144)
		\|
		\|

SU34		\|
	Platford	\|		Upper Clatford (SU3543)
		Andover		Andover (SU3645)
		junction, roads 25, 26

ROAD 39

The road corresponding to Ogilby's plate 39. From Petersfield to Winchester. This roughly agrees with Ogilby's road, part of the route from London to Chichester, continued to Winchester. Ogilby's route does not match modern roads at all well, and it is difficult to match this route with his.

Up on the page is S.


NGR	place on left	place on road	place on right	modern place (ngr)

SU42
		Winehester		Winchester (SU4729)
	Chilcomb	\|		Chilcomb (SU5028)
		\|
		\|

SU43		\|
		Magdalen		Magdalen Hill Down (SU5029)
		\|
		\|

SU53		\|
		\|	Titchborn	Tichborne (SU5730)
		xroads, road 51
		\|	Cheriton	Cheriton (SU5828)
		\|
		\|

SU52		\|
		cross Itchin headstream
	Hinton ampton	\|		Hinton Ampner (SU5927)
		cross Itchin headstream
		\|
		\|

SU62		\|
		\|	Bramsdean	Bramdean (SU6127)
	Oxenborn	\|		(SU6524)
	Langridg	\|		Langrish (SU7023)
		\|	Froxfield	Froxfield (SU7027)
		\|
		\|

SU72		\|
		Petersfielde		Petersfield (SU7423)

ROAD 51

The road corresponding to Ogilby's plate 51. From the Surrey border near Bentley to Southampton.This agrees pretty well with Ogilby's road, part of the route from London to Southampton.

Up on the page is SW till Twyford when the road turns S.


NGR	place on left	place on road	place on right	modern place (ngr)

SU40
		South hampton		Southampton (SU4313)
	St Maries	\|		St Mary's Church (SU4313)
		\|
		\|

SU41		\|
	St Stoneham	\|		North Stoneham (SU4317)
	N Stonham	\|		North Stoneham (SU4317)
		\|	Eastley	Eastleigh (SU4421)
		bridge River Itchin
	Bishopstok	\|		Bishopstoke (SU4718)
		\|
		\|

SU42		\|
		\|	Otterburn	Otterbourne (SU4623)
		Twiford		Twyford (SU4824)
	Marwell	\|		Marwell House (SU5121)
	Owselbury	\|		Owslebury (SU5123)
		\|
		\|

SU52		\|
	Preshow	\|		(SU5427)
		\|
		\|

SU53		\|
		xroads, road 39
	Cheriton	\|		Cheriton (SU5828)
		Titchborn		Tichborne (SU5730)
		\|	Ouington	Ovington (SU5631)
		cross River Itchin
		Alresford		New Alresford (SU5832)
		\|	Old Alresford	Old Alresford (SU5833)
		\|
		\|

SU63		\|
	Sutton	\|		Bishops Sutton (SU6031)
		Bighton		Bighton (SU6134)
	Ropley	\|		Ropley (SU6431)
		\|
		\|

SU74		\|
	Chawton	\|		Chawton (SU7037)
		Alton		Alton (SU7139)
		cross brook
		\|	Milcourt	Mill Court (SU7541)
		\|	Froyle	Froyle (SU7443)
		cross Ryebridge Stream
		\|	Coldre	Coldrey (SU7743)
		\|	Bentley	Bentley (SU7844)
		\|
		\|

SU84		\|

		(Surrey)

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PUBLISHING

HISTORY

Published in 'Camden's Britannia, Newly Translated into English: with large Additions and Improvements. Publish'd by Edmund Gibson, of Queens-College in Oxford. ... London, Printed by F. Collins, for A. Swalle, at the Unicorn at the West-end of St. Paul's Church-yard; and A. & J. Churchil, at the Black Swan in Pater-noster-Row. 1695'
The translation from Latin to English is by Edmund Gibson; the book size is 8 x 14 ins. The map studied is from this edition and in the Map Collection of Hampshire CC Museums Service, item HMCMS:FA1996.33.
The map is plain on the reverse; it is claimed that the maps are uptodate and checked by local gentlemen, the procedure for drawing the 'new' maps is described in a preface; the model for Hampshire is Norden's map.

Published in 'Britannia: Or A Chorographical Description Of Great Britain and Ireland, Together with the Adjacant Islands. Written in Latin By William camden, Clarenceux, King at Arms: And Translated into English, with Additions and Improvements. The Second Edition. Revised, Digested, and Published, with large Additions, By Edmund Gibson, D.D. Rector of Lambeth; and now Bishop of Lincoln, and dean of His Majesty's Chapel-Royal. ... London: Printed by Mary Matthews, for Awnsham Churchill, and Sold by William Taylor, in Pater-Noster-Row. MDCCXXII.' ie 1722.

The atlas has an engraved portrait of Camden 'R. White sculp'; the Hampshire map is unchanged, plain on reverse, no plate numbers (other maps were heavily revised); the atlas size is 8 x 13 1/4 ins.

The edition process included advertisement for information, such as in the Daily Courant, 31 December 1717, '... all Persons who have made any New discoveries of British, Roman, Saxon, or Danish Antiquities, are desired to transmit an Account of them to Mr. Wm. Churchill, at the Black Swan in Pater-Noster-Row, ...'

Published in an edition 'Printed for James and John Knapton, John Darby, Arthur Bettesworth, Francis Fayram, John Osborn and Tho. Longman, John Pemberton, Charles Rivington, Francis Clay, Jeremiah Batley, and Aaron Ward.' about 1730.

The Hampshire map is unchanged; the plates of all the maps are now worn.

Published in 'Britannia ... By William Camden ... By Edmund Gibson ... The Third edition ... London: Printed for R. Ware, J. and P. Knapton, T. Longman, C. Hitch, D. Browne, H. Lintot, C. Davis, J. Hodges, A. Millar, W. Bowyer, J. Whiston, J. and J. Rivington, and J. Ward. MDCCLIII.' ie 1753.

The 1753 edition has a reprint of the Hampshire map of 1695, but there may have been retouching and minor corrections of nomenclature, in particular look for towns where the built up area is marked by solid lines rather than shading, and touching up of the title? (Skelton and Hodson).

Published in 'Britannia ... By William Camden ... By Edmund Gibson, Late Lord Bishop of London ... The Fourth Edition is sprinted from a Copy of 1722, left corrected by the Bishop for the Press ... London. Printed for W. Boyer, W. Whiston, T. Davies, W. Strahan, J. and F. Rivington, L. Davis, B. White, L. Hawes and Co, R. Horsfield, W. Johnston, T. Caslon, S. Crowder, T. Longman, W. and J. Richardson, T. Cadell, T. Lowndes, D. Wilson and G. Nicoll, T. Becket, J. Johnson, J. Robson, J. Almon, J. Knox, T. Evans, W. Flexney, W. Cater, M. Hingeston, and P. Elmsley, MDCCLXXII.' ie 1772.

The 1772 edition has a reprint of the Hampshire map of 1695.

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REFERENCES

Camden, William & Gibson, Edmund (translator): 1695: Camden's Britannia, Newly Translated: Swalle, A & Churchill, A and J (London)

Camden, William & Gibson, Edmund (translator): 1715 & 1722: Britannia & Chorographical Description of Great Britain and Ireland: Churchill, Awnsham (London)

Camden, William; Gibson, Edmund (trans): 1753: Britannia: Ware, R & Knapton, J and P & Longman, T & Hitch, C & Browne, D & Lintot, H & Davis, C & Hodges, J & Millar, A & Bowyer, W & Whiston, J & Rivington, J and J & Ward, J (London)

Camden, William & Gibson, Edmund (trans): 1772: Britannia: Boyer, W & Whiston, W & Davies, T & Strahan, W & Rivington, J and F & Davis, L & White, B & Hawes, L and Co & Horsfield, R & Johnston, W & Caslon, T & Crowder, S & Longman, T & Richardson, W and J & Cadell, T & Lowndes, T & Wilson, D & Nicoll, G & Becket, T & Johnson, J & Robson, J & Almon, J & Knox, J & Evans, T & Flexney, W & Cater, W & Hingeston, M & Elmsley, P (London)

Walters, Gwyn & Emery, Frank: 1977: Edward Lhuyd, Edmund Gibson, and the Printing of Camden's Britannia, 1695: Library, The: 32: pp.109-37

: 1971 (facsimile): Camden's Britannia 1695: (Newton Abbot, Devon)

Earlier notes about the map were published in:-

Norgate, Martin and Norgate, Jean: 1997: Notes from Morden's Map of Hampshire: Hampshire County Council Museums Service

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ITEMS

in HMCMS Map Collection and Private Collections (scanned item in bold)

HMCMS:ACM1934.74.19 -- map

HMCMS:ACM1934.74.20 -- map

HMCMS:FA1991.10 -- map

HMCMS:FA1996.33 -- map

HMCMS:FA1997.1 -- map

HMCMS:FA1997.44 -- map

HMCMS:FA1998.76 -- map

HMCMS:FA1999.109 -- map

HMCMS:FA2002.27 -- map

HMCMS:FA2002.80 -- map

private collection (10) -- map

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All Old Hampshire Mapped Resources